Fig. 8.1 Clinical management of reversible and irreversible pulpitis in the mixed/permanent dentition. Note if the apex is open, then root-end closure procedures or pulpal regeneration may be indicated to…
Fig. 11.1 Clinical radiograph demonstrating various instrument fractures referred to specialist endodontic practice. Note (a) instrument inadvertently pushed beyond the confines of the canal after the general dental practitioner attempted…
Quality of the endodontic treatment Quality of the coronal restoration % success (absence of peri-radicular inflammation (API)) Good Good 91.4 Good Poor 44.1 Poor Good 67.7 Poor Poor 18.1 A…
Chapter 9 Traumatic Dental Injuries Mitsuhiro Tsukiboshi, Conor Durack Introduction The World Health Organisation (WHO) created a classification system for the varying types of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) in 1992…
Chapter 10 Root Resorption Conor Durack, Shanon Patel Introduction Root resorption is the destruction of dental hard tissue, namely cementum and dentine, as a result of clastic cell action (Hammarström…
Chapter 6 Assessment of Root Canal Anatomy Francesca Abella, Shalini Kanagasingam Introduction Anatomical variations exist with each tooth type and may be a result of differences in ethnic background, age…
Chapter 5 Dentoalveolar Anatomy Cindy Verdegaal, Hagay Shemesh Introduction Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is most suitable for the imaging of bony structures, like the mandible and the maxillary bones….
Chapter 8 Non-surgical and Surgical Re-treatment Shanon Patel, Hagay Shemesh, Navid Saberi Introduction Endodontic treatment has a high success rate (Ng et al, 2011); however, on occasion treatment may fail….
Chapter 11 Vertical Root Fractures Shanon Patel, Simon C Harvey Introduction Vertical root fracture (VRF) is a term used to describe longitudinally orientated cracks or fractures originating within the tooth…
Chapter 7 Apical Periodontitis Shanon Patel, Conor Durack Introduction Apical periodontitis (AP) is an acute or chronic inflammatory condition occurring around the root of a tooth. It is caused by…
