Fig. 3.1 Percentage of treatment plans changed by each of the three examiners after reviewing the CBCT 3.2 Implications for Clinical Practice Under the conditions of the previous study [24],…
Fig. 7.1 Periapical radiographs can be suboptimal in representing complex anatomy compared with CBCT. A 71-year-old male presented with discomfort in the maxillary right quadrant. (a) Periapical radiograph shows an…
(1) InLaser Rome – Advanced Center for Esthetic and Laser Dentistry, Rome, Italy (2) Arizona Center for Laser Dentistry, 7900 E. Thompson Peak Parkway #101, Scottsdale, AZ 85255, USA …
Fig. 6.1 Draft representing the typical irradiation proposed for conventional laser endodontics; the fiber is positioned in a dry canal 1 mm shorter from the apex and is retracted with…
Fig. 10.1 Water absorption coefficient and penetration depth of different wavelengths In addition, the medium infrared lasers (2780–2940 nm) are absorbed also by water in the dentinal walls [28], creating…
Easily manipulated with ample working time Radiopaque and easily discernible on radiographs Dimensionally stable with no shrinkage once inserted Seals the canals laterally and apically conforming to the canal anatomy…
Fig 13.1 Clinical radiographs and photographs showing endodontic cases which have failed despite attempts at treatment. (a) Missed anatomy, (b) persistent disease despite well-obturated canal system, (c) overextension resulting in…
Fig. 16.1 Clinical radiographs demonstrating (a, b) external inflammatory root resorption associated with apical pathosis, (c) external replacement resorption, (d) internal root resorption, (e) orthodontic pressure root resorption, and (f)…
Fig. 10.1 Clinical radiographs demonstrating inadequate root canal fillings with or without poor coronal restorations. Note (a) well-fitting post and core restoration with untreated MB2 and poorly treated MB1, DB,…
Fig. 17.1 Clinical photographs and radiographs showing pre-endodontic restorability and periodontal assessment considerations. Note: (a–c) tooth 17 presented with gross buccal caries extending subgingivally. A crown-lengthening procedure was not possible…
