Pigmented Lesions of the Oral Cavity
Oral pigmentation may be focal, multifocal, or diffuse. The lesions may be blue, purple, brown, gray, or black. They may be macular or tumefactive. Some are localized harmless accumulations of…
Oral Lesions Associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated oral disease among people living with HIV infection includes oral candidiasis, oral hairy leukoplakia, Kaposi sarcoma, oral warts, herpes simplex virus ulcers, major aphthous ulcers or…
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by production of autoantibodies directed against nuclear and cytoplasmic antigens, affecting several organs. Although cause is largely unknown, pathophysiology is attributed…
An Update on Granulomatous Diseases of the Oral Tissues
With new insights into the pathogenesis of specific granulomatous diseases, and with the advent of high-throughput genetic screening and availability of next-generation biological therapies, clinicians have several options at their…
Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid
Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is chronic and frequently associated with exacerbations and remissions of clinical signs and symptoms. Clinicians should use pathologic and immunonologic techniques to help diagnose patients. Multidisciplinary…
Update on Oral Fungal Infections
The incidence of oral fungal infections has increased in recent years as a result of factors such as increased number of solid organ transplantations and the widespread use of immunosuppressive…
Erythema Multiforme
Erythema multiforme (EM) is an acute, immune-mediated disorder affecting the skin and/or mucous membranes, including the oral cavity. Target or iris lesions distributed symmetrically on the extremities and trunk characterize…
Clinical Approaches to Oral Mucosal Disorders
Thomas P. Sollecito, DMD, FDS RCSEd, Editor Eric T. Stoopler, DMD, FDS RCSEd, Editor Oral health and disease are intimately related to general health status. Clinicians understand that the oral…
