Introduction Our objective was to compare root resorption degree of the maxillary central incisors retracted with and without skeletal anchorage. Methods This nonrandomized historical control study included 37 patients requiring…

Introduction The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between an apical curvature or a hook and the crown/root ratio in subjects with and without palatally impacted maxillary…

Introduction In this retrospective study, we aimed to evaluate the effects on the facial silhouettes produced by a mandibular protraction appliance associated with corrective treatment in Class II patients. Methods…

Introduction The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hypothesis that 3-dimensional mandibular morphology is correlated with condylar movement in patients with mandibular asymmetry. Methods Subjects were classified into…

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is a childhood disease that causes joint swelling and pain, and limitation in the range of joint movements. It is characterized by progressive destruction of the joints….

Temporomandibular joint ankylosis manifests a range of clinical characteristics dependent upon the age of onset, the affected side, and the severity. When it occurs during development, mandibular growth is affected,…

Confounding is a bias that threatens the validity of causal inferences in a study. Rothman and Greenland defined confounding: “A confounding factor must not be affected by the exposure or…

Introduction Recent studies have shown that therapeutic loads applied to individual teeth by aligners may substantially exceed recommended values. The primary purpose of this study was to quantify force and…

Introduction In this study, we aimed to examine the role of intermittent hypoxia (IH) in dentofacial morphologic changes in growing rats. Methods Seven-week-old male rats were exposed to IH at…