Concepts of Retention

Jul 7, 2020 by in Orthodontics Comments Off on Concepts of Retention

10.1055/b-0034-75550 Concepts of Retention A basic distinction is made between retention of limited duration and long-term retention. The definitions relate to the duration of the retention, rather than to the…

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Treatment

Jul 7, 2020 by in Orthodontics Comments Off on Treatment

10.1055/b-0034-75522 Treatment Manufacturers of self-ligating bracket systems claim that these systems have a number of advantages over conventional ligation, such as that treatment can be achieved more quickly and more…

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Other Useful Auxiliaries

Jul 7, 2020 by in Orthodontics Comments Off on Other Useful Auxiliaries

10.1055/b-0034-75544 Other Useful Auxiliaries Spikes Leveling and alignment can be associated with anterior and lateral bite opening. If the tongue starts to interpose in the space, resolve of the opposite…

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Correction of Skeletal Discrepancies

Jul 7, 2020 by in Orthodontics Comments Off on Correction of Skeletal Discrepancies

10.1055/b-0034-75539 Correction of Skeletal Discrepancies Correction of a Class II Buccal Segment Relationship Based on the findings by Roux that functional occlusal stimuli affect the growth of the maxilla and…

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SOX Retainers

Jul 7, 2020 by in Orthodontics Comments Off on SOX Retainers

10.1055/b-0034-75552 SOX Retainers SOX is an abbreviation for the ‘social six’ front teeth, and SOX retainers are designed to maintain the alignment of the upper and/or lower anterior teeth. The…

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Self-Ligating Brackets

Jul 7, 2020 by in Orthodontics Comments Off on Self-Ligating Brackets

10.1055/b-0034-75516 Self-Ligating Brackets Like ordinary fixed appliances, a self-ligating bracket consists of a bracket base and a body containing slots and tie-wings ( Fig. 2.1 ). The difference between conventional…

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Diagnosis and Treatment Planning

Jul 7, 2020 by in Orthodontics Comments Off on Diagnosis and Treatment Planning

10.1055/b-0034-75526 Diagnosis and Treatment Planning The treatment records for one patient are used here as an example of the advanced diagnostic facilities provided by systems such as Onyx Ceph (Image…

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Recontouring of Incisal Edges

Jul 7, 2020 by in Orthodontics Comments Off on Recontouring of Incisal Edges

10.1055/b-0034-75546 Recontouring of Incisal Edges Recontouring of teeth includes additive as well as sub-tractive measures. Reshaping of teeth mostly benefits the visible aspect of the anterior teeth and is therefore…

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Management of Relapse

Jul 7, 2020 by in Orthodontics Comments Off on Management of Relapse

10.1055/b-0034-75551 Management of Relapse Interproximal Enamel Reduction (Stripping) Irregularity or mild crowding of the lower incisors can be treated with interproximal reduction (IPR) of the enamel, also known as “stripping”…

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Archwire Shift

Jul 7, 2020 by in Orthodontics Comments Off on Archwire Shift

10.1055/b-0034-75543 Archwire Shift Slippery Archwires Low-friction systems allow shifting (swivelling) of the archwire, particularly if initially very thin wires are used during the leveling and alignment phase. This is a…

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Biological Basis

Jul 7, 2020 by in Orthodontics Comments Off on Biological Basis

10.1055/b-0034-75549 Biological Basis There is evidence that specific types of malocclusion are associated with particular relapse patterns. Independently of the original malocclusion and completed therapy, however, the following four general…

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Direct and Indirect Bonding Techniques

Jul 7, 2020 by in Orthodontics Comments Off on Direct and Indirect Bonding Techniques

10.1055/b-0034-75536 Direct and Indirect Bonding Techniques The following sections compare direct and indirect bonding techniques for self-ligating bracket systems. Indirect bonding has a number of distinct advantages for self-ligating systems,…

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Interproximal Enamel Reduction (Stripping)

Jul 7, 2020 by in Orthodontics Comments Off on Interproximal Enamel Reduction (Stripping)

10.1055/b-0034-75545 Interproximal Enamel Reduction (Stripping) Space creation is an important part of orthodontic treatment. Interproximal enamel reduction is a long-established alternative treatment to extraction. A number of terms are used…

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Positioning of Self-Ligating Brackets

Jul 7, 2020 by in Orthodontics Comments Off on Positioning of Self-Ligating Brackets

10.1055/b-0034-75535 Positioning of Self-Ligating Brackets Positioning of self-ligating brackets can be facilitated by using special tools such as positioning tweezers and jigs. These can be obtained in a number of…

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Positioning of Brackets

Jul 7, 2020 by in Orthodontics Comments Off on Positioning of Brackets

10.1055/b-0034-75533 Positioning of Brackets Successful treatment with the preadjusted appliance requires precise bracket placement in all three planes of space. Vertical Positioning There are numerous suggestions in the literature that…

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Hygiene Approaches for Fixed-Appliance Treatment

Jul 7, 2020 by in Orthodontics Comments Off on Hygiene Approaches for Fixed-Appliance Treatment

10.1055/b-0034-75530 Hygiene Approaches for Fixed-Appliance Treatment Prophylactic Measures Bonding Oral hygiene is more difficult after fixed appliances have been fitted. Efforts to maintain a patient’s oral health should therefore start…

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Bonding

Jul 7, 2020 by in Orthodontics Comments Off on Bonding

10.1055/b-0034-75534 Bonding With regard to bonding brackets, there are generally no differences between the various ligation methods, and the same selection criteria for bonding agents therefore apply. Bonding to the…

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Standard Diagnostic Tools in Orthodontics

Jul 7, 2020 by in Orthodontics Comments Off on Standard Diagnostic Tools in Orthodontics

10.1055/b-0034-75525 Standard Diagnostic Tools in Orthodontics Standard orthodontic records may consist of study models, radiographs (orthopantomogram and lateral cephalo-gram, where indicated), as well as photographic records. Most of these records…

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Basics

Jul 7, 2020 by in Orthodontics Comments Off on Basics

10.1055/b-0034-75529 Basics Dental decay (caries), gingivitis, and periodontitis can be regarded as infectious diseases in the wider sense. A combination of numerous etiological factors plays a role in the pathology,…

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