Alfred Traxler Baum, 1922-2015
Alfred Traxler Baum spent 92 incredible years on this earth as a son, military officer, husband, father, grandfather, and leader in orthodontics. He was born in Cleveland, Ohio, the only…
Anchorage reinforcement with a fixed functional appliance during protraction of the mandibular second molars into the first molar extraction sites
Protraction of posterior teeth into edentulous spaces is a challenge. This report describes the treatment of a 19-year-old woman with missing mandibular first molars owing to caries. A fixed functional…
Growth modification of the face: A current perspective with emphasis on Class III treatment
A summary of the current status of modification of jaw growth indicates the following. 1. Transverse expansion of the maxilla is easy before adolescence, requires heavy forces to create microfractures…
Calculating the Pvalue and carrying out a statistical test
In the previous article, I discussed the null (H 0 ) and the alternative (H a ) hypotheses, and the z and t statistics. The next step is to calculate…
Destroying records
A reader sent me the following e-mail. “A few days ago, a prospective patient came into my office for an orthodontic consult. I don’t charge for an initial consult. She…
Evolution of Class III treatment in orthodontics
Angle, Tweed, and Moyers classified Class III malocclusions into 3 types: pseudo, dentoalveolar, and skeletal. Clinicians have been trying to identify the best timing to intercept a Class III malocclusion…
Accuracy of digital American Board of Orthodontics Discrepancy Index measurements
Introduction A digital analysis that is shown to be accurate will ease the demonstration of initial case complexity. To date, no literature exists on the accuracy of the digital American…
Prevalence and patterns of tooth agenesis in Angle Class II Division 2 malocclusion in Japan
Introduction The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and patterns of tooth agenesis in subjects with Angle Class II Division 2 malocclusion compared with general orthodontic patients…
Gingival crevicular fluid alkaline phosphate activity during the retention phase of maxillary expansion in prepubertal subjects: A split-mouth longitudinal study
Introduction The aim of this study was to monitor the alveolar bone formation at the tension sites of teeth supporting the appliances for rapid maxillary expansion (RME) during the retention…
Effects of magnitude of intrusive force on pulpal blood flow in maxillary molars
Introduction In this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare blood-flow changes in the pulp tissues of maxillary molars over a 6-month period after orthodontic intrusion using different magnitudes of…
