18: Pain during orthodontic treatment: Biologic mechanisms and clinical management Tiantong Lou, Johnny Tran, Ali Tassi, Iacopo Cioffi The importance of orthodontic pain Pain, as defined by the International Association…
3: Clear aligners: Material structures and properties Masoud Amirkhani, Fayez Elkholy, Bernd G. Lapatki Introduction The continued improvement of medical treatment demands easy to use, cheaper, and more durable products…
4 Mandibular bone block grafts 4.1 Introduction Tooth loss leads to a remodeling of the alveolar bone, especially at the buccal bone wall. This process is usually the reason for…
