The need to know
Your new adult patient, Amy, is remarkably attentive to detail. A self-employed jeweler, she is known in the city for her creative, meticulously executed pieces that command healthy fees. She…
Validating continued competency
The year was 1999. The place was the Stanley Hotel in Estes Park, Colorado. The event was the annual summer retreat of the directors of the American Board of Orthodontics…
Periodontal ligament distraction: Esthetics and occlusal stability at the 2-year follow-up
Dental distraction is an orthodontic tooth movement technique that allows closure of extraction spaces, usually of premolars, in periods from 1 to 3 weeks, by bodily retraction of the canine….
Force levels in complex tooth alignment with conventional and self-ligating brackets
Introduction The force applied to the teeth is a variable of orthodontic treatment that can be controlled. Poor control of the applied force can lead to adverse biologic effects as…
The face: Pictorial atlas of clinical anatomy
Atlases of human anatomy are fascinating volumes. They are particularly appealing and useful to those with special professional interests: figurative artists, biologists, anatomists, and clinicians. In this new anatomic atlas…
Maxillary lateral incisor morphology and palatally displaced canines: A case-controlled cone-beam volumetric tomography study
Introduction The goal of this study was to compare the dimensions of maxillary lateral incisors in subjects with and without palatally displaced canines. Methods An experimental group of 40 patients…
Estimation of periodontal ligament’s equivalent mechanical parameters for finite element modeling
Introduction Young’s modulus (E) and Poisson’s ratio (v) of the periodontal ligament are needed in a finite element analysis for investigating the biomechanical behavior of a tooth, periodontal ligament, and…
Minor differences
Okay, this has happened to almost every orthodontist I know. For 1 reason or another, mom or dad is unhappy with some aspect of the treatment you rendered to junior….
Apical root resorption: The dark side of the root
Introduction The diagnosis of apical root resorption is usually based on routine radiographs. However, these methods are limited because the images reflect the superimposition of the whole root structure and…
Botulinum neurotoxin type A in the masseter muscle: Effects on incisor eruption in rabbits
Introduction Botulinum neurotoxins are responsible for the paralytic food poisoning, botulism. Commercial formulations such as botulinum neurotoxin type A are increasingly used for various conditions, including cosmetic recontouring of the…
