Archwire Shift
10.1055/b-0034-75543 Archwire Shift Slippery Archwires Low-friction systems allow shifting (swivelling) of the archwire, particularly if initially very thin wires are used during the leveling and alignment phase. This is a…
Biological Basis
10.1055/b-0034-75549 Biological Basis There is evidence that specific types of malocclusion are associated with particular relapse patterns. Independently of the original malocclusion and completed therapy, however, the following four general…
Direct and Indirect Bonding Techniques
10.1055/b-0034-75536 Direct and Indirect Bonding Techniques The following sections compare direct and indirect bonding techniques for self-ligating bracket systems. Indirect bonding has a number of distinct advantages for self-ligating systems,…
Interproximal Enamel Reduction (Stripping)
10.1055/b-0034-75545 Interproximal Enamel Reduction (Stripping) Space creation is an important part of orthodontic treatment. Interproximal enamel reduction is a long-established alternative treatment to extraction. A number of terms are used…
Positioning of Self-Ligating Brackets
10.1055/b-0034-75535 Positioning of Self-Ligating Brackets Positioning of self-ligating brackets can be facilitated by using special tools such as positioning tweezers and jigs. These can be obtained in a number of…
Positioning of Brackets
10.1055/b-0034-75533 Positioning of Brackets Successful treatment with the preadjusted appliance requires precise bracket placement in all three planes of space. Vertical Positioning There are numerous suggestions in the literature that…
Hygiene Approaches for Fixed-Appliance Treatment
10.1055/b-0034-75530 Hygiene Approaches for Fixed-Appliance Treatment Prophylactic Measures Bonding Oral hygiene is more difficult after fixed appliances have been fitted. Efforts to maintain a patient’s oral health should therefore start…
Standard Diagnostic Tools in Orthodontics
10.1055/b-0034-75525 Standard Diagnostic Tools in Orthodontics Standard orthodontic records may consist of study models, radiographs (orthopantomogram and lateral cephalo-gram, where indicated), as well as photographic records. Most of these records…
