Concepts of Retention
10.1055/b-0034-75550 Concepts of Retention A basic distinction is made between retention of limited duration and long-term retention. The definitions relate to the duration of the retention, rather than to the…
Other Useful Auxiliaries
10.1055/b-0034-75544 Other Useful Auxiliaries Spikes Leveling and alignment can be associated with anterior and lateral bite opening. If the tongue starts to interpose in the space, resolve of the opposite…
Correction of Skeletal Discrepancies
10.1055/b-0034-75539 Correction of Skeletal Discrepancies Correction of a Class II Buccal Segment Relationship Based on the findings by Roux that functional occlusal stimuli affect the growth of the maxilla and…
SOX Retainers
10.1055/b-0034-75552 SOX Retainers SOX is an abbreviation for the ‘social six’ front teeth, and SOX retainers are designed to maintain the alignment of the upper and/or lower anterior teeth. The…
Self-Ligating Brackets
10.1055/b-0034-75516 Self-Ligating Brackets Like ordinary fixed appliances, a self-ligating bracket consists of a bracket base and a body containing slots and tie-wings ( Fig. 2.1 ). The difference between conventional…
Diagnosis and Treatment Planning
10.1055/b-0034-75526 Diagnosis and Treatment Planning The treatment records for one patient are used here as an example of the advanced diagnostic facilities provided by systems such as Onyx Ceph (Image…
Recontouring of Incisal Edges
10.1055/b-0034-75546 Recontouring of Incisal Edges Recontouring of teeth includes additive as well as sub-tractive measures. Reshaping of teeth mostly benefits the visible aspect of the anterior teeth and is therefore…
Practical Application of Self-Ligating Brackets
10.1055/b-0034-75542 Practical Application of Self-Ligating Brackets “Open the door, insert the archwire, close the door!” That is how simple the use of an SLB should be. However, this may be…
Management of Relapse
10.1055/b-0034-75551 Management of Relapse Interproximal Enamel Reduction (Stripping) Irregularity or mild crowding of the lower incisors can be treated with interproximal reduction (IPR) of the enamel, also known as “stripping”…
Archwire Shift
10.1055/b-0034-75543 Archwire Shift Slippery Archwires Low-friction systems allow shifting (swivelling) of the archwire, particularly if initially very thin wires are used during the leveling and alignment phase. This is a…
Biological Basis
10.1055/b-0034-75549 Biological Basis There is evidence that specific types of malocclusion are associated with particular relapse patterns. Independently of the original malocclusion and completed therapy, however, the following four general…
Direct and Indirect Bonding Techniques
10.1055/b-0034-75536 Direct and Indirect Bonding Techniques The following sections compare direct and indirect bonding techniques for self-ligating bracket systems. Indirect bonding has a number of distinct advantages for self-ligating systems,…
Interproximal Enamel Reduction (Stripping)
10.1055/b-0034-75545 Interproximal Enamel Reduction (Stripping) Space creation is an important part of orthodontic treatment. Interproximal enamel reduction is a long-established alternative treatment to extraction. A number of terms are used…
Positioning of Self-Ligating Brackets
10.1055/b-0034-75535 Positioning of Self-Ligating Brackets Positioning of self-ligating brackets can be facilitated by using special tools such as positioning tweezers and jigs. These can be obtained in a number of…
Positioning of Brackets
10.1055/b-0034-75533 Positioning of Brackets Successful treatment with the preadjusted appliance requires precise bracket placement in all three planes of space. Vertical Positioning There are numerous suggestions in the literature that…
Hygiene Approaches for Fixed-Appliance Treatment
10.1055/b-0034-75530 Hygiene Approaches for Fixed-Appliance Treatment Prophylactic Measures Bonding Oral hygiene is more difficult after fixed appliances have been fitted. Efforts to maintain a patient’s oral health should therefore start…
Standard Diagnostic Tools in Orthodontics
10.1055/b-0034-75525 Standard Diagnostic Tools in Orthodontics Standard orthodontic records may consist of study models, radiographs (orthopantomogram and lateral cephalo-gram, where indicated), as well as photographic records. Most of these records…
