Fig. 10.1 A rough outline model for the prosthetic treatment options, single-tooth gap 10.4 Gathering Information 10.4.1 Patient History 10.4.1.1 The Medical History The patient’s general health must be comprehensively…
Fig. 7.1 (a) Radiograph of an upper lateral incisor with a long parallel post showing an incomplete root canal filling and a periapical radiolucency. Endodontic treatment options can either be…
Fig. 8.1 (a) Tooth 36 is symptomatic after root canal treatment. (b) X-ray in distal angulation suggests the presence of an untreated mesial-lingual canal. (c) Reamer 02 ISO 15 in…
Fig. 3.1 Ecological moments that determine the selection of a post-treatment root canal community. Environmental disturbances such as mechanical instrumentation, irrigation with antimicrobials and inter-appointment medication cause a simplification of…
Study Country Radiograph Sample PrevalenceRF (%) PrevalenceAP (%) FrequencyAP total (%) FrequencyAP RF (%) Bergenholtz et al. [34] Sweden Apical/FMR Patient 57 6.1 30.5 Boltacz-Rzepkowska [35] Poland Apical/FMR Patient…
Fig. 6.1 A decision tree logically displaying alternative actions in the management of root-filled teeth with apical periodontitis 6.3 Variation in Endodontic Retreatment Decision Making In a benchmark , experimental…
© Springer International Publishing AG 2018 Thomas Kvist (ed.)Apical Periodontitis in Root-Filled Teethhttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57250-5_4 4. Consequences Fredrik Frisk1, 2 and Thomas Kvist2 (1) Department of Endodontology, Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden (2) Department of Endodontology,…
Disease Illness Sickness Phenomena studied Pathophysiological, histological, microbiological, and radiographic events Pain, swelling, or other symptoms present now or in the future Criteria for classification and grading of disease…
