Condylar hyperplasia is represented by a wide spectrum of different clinical conditions characterized by the monolateral overgrowth of mandibular condyle. There many attempt of classifying these pathological overgrowth of the condyle. According to Nitzan there are vertical and transversal pattern of growth. Sometimes there are mixed conditions. The aim of this work is to present a diagnostic and surgical protocol for the treatment of condylar hyperplasia. We performed cephalometric and clinical analysis of patients who underwent condylectomy alone or in association with orthognathic surgery. Pre and postoperative results are analysed and discussed. It is our opinion that condylectomy represents the elective surgery in patients in growing phase with active condylar growth and can be the best choice in adult patients too. Moreover condylectomy alone, produces a three-dimensional repositioning of the mandible hardly achievable with the traditional procedures of orthognatic surgery. In our experience only few cases at the end of growth might require orthognathic surgery in association with condylectomy for the correction of major asymmetries.