Fig. III-1 The following photos show the build-up sequence for simulating the shade by using the incisal, chromatic fingerlike structure and white zones.

Fig. III-2 Follow the basic building technique for build-up. The opaque porcelain layer, divided into three sections (cervical, middle, and incisal thirds) is joined to the cervical porcelain layer in a smooth transition.

• Opaque porcelain, Vintage (SHOFU/UNITEC) A₃O in cervical third, A₂O in middle third, and C₁O in incisal third.

• Cervical porcelain: Vintage mixture of AC and A₂B in equal quantities.

Fig. III-3 Build to the same dimensions as the completed crown.

• Dentin porcelain: Vintage A₂B.

Step 1 Initial dentin porcelain cut-back

Fig. III-4a The area to be reduced is marked on the labial surface. The cut-back should be done following the basic building technique.

Fig. III-4b Labial view after two-step reduction.

Fig. III-4c Proximal cut-back and fingerlike structure should be marked accurately at this stage.

Fig. III-4d Proximal cut-back completed.

Step 2 Secondary dentin porcelain cut-back

Fig. III-5a To provide the effect of the natural chromatic fingerlike structure, reduction is extended to the labiolingual center of the crown in the dentin porcelain. With the LeCron carver, dentin porcelain is cut flat at the incisal third starting from the incisal line made in the first cut-back to expose the opaque porcelain layer, i.e. to the depth of labiolingual center.

Fig. III-5b Labial view after the second cut-back.

Fig. III-5c Incisal view after the second cut-back.

Step 3 Building chromatic fingerlike structures

Fig. III-6a On the second cut-back surface, porcelain material prepared to simulate shade and opacity of the fingerlike structure is built up from the incisal edge cervically to form a thin layer to simulate the fingerlike structure in smooth transition. (Porcelain material used for the fingerlike structure: Mixture of Vintage EF₁ and yellow opaque {OM5} at a ratio of 4:1.)

Fig. III-6b Lateral view after completion of Step 3. The fingerlike structure in youth often appears pinkish; a single color (EF₁) or Pink Color Powder (Vintage Color Powder) is used. A small amount of yellow opaque (OM5) or pink opaque (OM2) is added in many instances. In older teeth, the shade approaches yellow and has higher opacity.

Step 4 Rebuilding dentin porcelain