drzezo

Transposition of teeth

May 10, 2026 by drzezo in Orthodontics 0 comments

Introduction Occasionally, a tooth may migrate to occupy the position of another tooth within the dental arch. This condition, called dental transposition, involves the exchange of locations between two neighbouring…

Orthodontic root resorption: Biological and clinical considerations

May 10, 2026 by drzezo in Orthodontics 0 comments

Introduction Orthodontically induced root resorption, or OIRR, has been well documented over the years. Although its aetiology is not fully known and modes of its exact detection and quantification has…

Orthodontic root resorption: Biological and clinical considerations

May 10, 2026 by drzezo in Orthodontics 0 comments

Fundamentals of evidence based orthodontics

May 10, 2026 by drzezo in Orthodontics 0 comments

Introduction As clinical landscapes evolve and technology advances at an unprecedented pace, clinicians find themselves at crossroads. They face the pressing dilemma of adhering to traditional, established practices or adapting…

Tele-orthodontics: Clinical applications, limitations and future directions

May 10, 2026 by drzezo in Orthodontics 0 comments

Introduction Telemedicine and Teledentistry have been coined and used since the mid-1970s and mid-1990s. However, the term ‘Tele-orthodontics’ only emerged in the late 2000s. Before this, tele-orthodontics was practised and…

Biological and pharmacological agents to enhance orthodontic tooth movement

May 10, 2026 by drzezo in Orthodontics 0 comments

Introduction Non-surgical methods to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement employ various physical, biological and pharmacological approaches to increase bone turnover, thereby mimicking a regional accelerated phenomenon (RAP) in the alveolar bone…

Surgery first approach in orthognathic surgery: Orthodontic considerations

May 10, 2026 by drzezo in Orthodontics 0 comments

Introduction Orthognathic surgical procedures are effectively performed using an interdisciplinary approach to correct skeletal problems or dentofacial deformities that are difficult to treat with orthodontic camouflage therapy. Orthognathic surgical procedures…

Current concepts on temporomandibular disorders and orthodontic treatment

May 10, 2026 by drzezo in Orthodontics 0 comments

Introduction Orthodontists focus primarily on treating patients with skeletal and dental malocclusions. They aim to attain optimal occlusal and normal skeletal relationships and endeavour to maintain or enhance facial soft…

Orthodontic considerations in patients with hypodontia

May 10, 2026 by drzezo in Orthodontics 0 comments

Introduction ‘Hypodontia’ is the term used to describe the developmental absence of one or more primary or secondary teeth, excluding the third molars. It affects about 2.6%–11.3% of the global…

Class III malocclusion in growing children: Diagnostic and management approaches

May 10, 2026 by drzezo in Orthodontics 0 comments

Introduction Edward H. Angle described class III malocclusion as an ‘abnormal relation of the jaws, all the lower teeth occluded mesial to the normal width of one bicuspid or even…

Auto-transplantation of teeth in orthodontic practice

May 10, 2026 by drzezo in Orthodontics 0 comments

Introduction In medical science, transplantation refers to transferring tissue or organ(s) from one site to another. Auto-transplantation of teeth involves the surgical transplantation of a tooth or teeth from one…

Instruments and equipment used in orthodontics

May 10, 2026 by drzezo in Orthodontics 0 comments

Introduction In orthodontics, the terms ‘instrument’ and ‘equipment’ are often used interchangeably. However, there is a distinction between the two. An instrument is a precision tool used for specific tasks…

Principles of biomechanics and appliance design

May 10, 2026 by drzezo in Orthodontics 0 comments

Introduction An understanding of the basic principles of mechanics is essential to evaluate the force systems generated by an orthodontic appliance. These mechanical principles are found within a branch of…

The pre-adjusted edgewise appliance

May 10, 2026 by drzezo in Orthodontics 0 comments

Pre-adjusted appliance The ‘edgewise’ appliance introduced by Edward H. Angle, which he named the ‘latest and best’ in orthodontics, provided excellent three-dimensional (3D) control of tooth movements. The rectangular bracket…

Orthodontic treatment with the contemporary fixed appliance phase I: Laying the foundation, diagnostics and precise appliance placement

May 10, 2026 by drzezo in Orthodontics 0 comments

Introduction Comprehensive orthodontic treatment typically involves the use of contemporary fixed appliance (CFA) therapy. This process follows a standardised protocol, although variations in implementation can occur due to individual case…

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Transposition of teeth

Orthodontic root resorption: Biological and clinical considerations

Orthodontic root resorption: Biological and clinical considerations

Fundamentals of evidence based orthodontics

Tele-orthodontics: Clinical applications, limitations and future directions

Biological and pharmacological agents to enhance orthodontic tooth movement

Surgery first approach in orthognathic surgery: Orthodontic considerations

Current concepts on temporomandibular disorders and orthodontic treatment

Orthodontic considerations in patients with hypodontia

Class III malocclusion in growing children: Diagnostic and management approaches

Auto-transplantation of teeth in orthodontic practice

Instruments and equipment used in orthodontics

Principles of biomechanics and appliance design

The pre-adjusted edgewise appliance

Orthodontic treatment with the contemporary fixed appliance phase I: Laying the foundation, diagnostics and precise appliance placement

Class II division 2 malocclusion: Types and management strategies

Non-extraction treatment with maxillary expansion and interproximal reduction

Orthodontic treatment with self-ligating bracket systems

Lingual orthodontics

Orthodontic treatment with contemporary fixed appliance phase III: Finishing and detailing