Cancer and Oral Care of Patients With Cancer
Collectively, all cancers combined account for about one quarter of deaths in the United States, thereby placing cancer second only to heart disease as a leading cause of death. Cancer…
Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders
Snoring and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Definition Sleep-related breathing disorders constitute a spectrum of clinical entities with variations in sleep structure, respiration, and blood oxygen saturation. The spectrum ranges from mild…
Acquired Bleeding and Hypercoagulable Disorders
Definition A number of procedures that are performed in dentistry may cause bleeding. Under normal circumstances, these procedures can be performed with little clinical risk; however, in patients whose ability…
Disorders of White Blood Cells
Definition Disorders of white blood cells (WBCs) in dental patients can substantially influence clinical decision making as well as the delivery of care because WBCs constitute the primary defense against…
AIDS, HIV Infection, and Related Conditions
Definition On June 5, 1981, when the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported five cases of Pneumocystis carinii (now jiroveci ) pneumonia in young homosexual men in Los…
Women’s Health Issues
Definition Women’s health is altered by pregnancy and by diseases unique to female anatomy and physiology. This chapter focuses on common conditions of women that require recognition and management by…
Organ Transplantation
Defintion Organ transplantation is an integral component of modern medicine that has transformed the management of a wide variety of pediatric and adult medical conditions, in many cases providing long-term…
Chronic Kidney Disease and Dialysis
Kidney disease can be caused by acute (i.e., bacterial infection, obstruction in the urinary tract, or damage to the renal parenchyma) or chronic conditions. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is emphasized…
Diabetes Mellitus
Definition Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) and the inability to produce and/or use insulin. The disease is defined by abnormal…
