75 Pierre Robin Sequence: Surgical Management Robert J. Havlik KEY POINTS ○ The variability in both the inclusion criteria and the differences in terminology that surround Pierre Robin sequence have…

61 Facial Growth and Development in Individuals With Clefts John Daskalogiannakis, Gregory S. Antonarakis KEY POINTS ○ Individuals with unilateral cleft lip and palate start out with relatively straight profiles…

44 Extended Mohler Unilateral Cleft Lip Repair Roberto L. Flores, Court B. Cutting KEY POINTS ○ The apex of the Mohler back-cut should be placed on the columella at least…

68 Gingivoperiosteoplasty Richard A. Hopper, Faisal Al-Mufarrej KEY POINTS ○ Advocates of gingivoperiosteoplasty state that the primary benefit at initial cleft lip repair is to decrease the need for secondary…

41 Lip Adhesion Richard E. Kirschner, Oluwaseun A. Adetayo, Joseph E. Losee KEY POINTS ○ Lip adhesion is a useful alternative to presurgical orthopedics in infants with complete unilateral or…

49 The Furlow Double-Opposing Z-Plasty Repair for Cleft Palate Alison Kaye, Richard E. Kirschner KEY POINTS ○ Leonard Furlow described the technique of using mirror-image Z-plasties of the oral and…

60 Sphincter Pharyngoplasty Jeffrey L. Marsh, Earl A. Gage KEY POINTS ○ Ideal management of velopharyngeal dysfunction will normalize resonance, eliminate nasal turbulence, and improve articulation while maintaining patency of…

40 Anesthesia for Patients With Clefts Franklyn P. Cladis, Daniela Damian KEY POINTS ○ Important physiologic differences exist between infants and adults. Infants have a higher metabolic rate and will…

42 Microform Cleft Lip John B. Mulliken KEY POINTS ○ Lesser forms of incomplete cleft lip are categorized as minor-form, microform, and minimicroform. ○ Abridged rotation-advancement is recommended for repair…