due to Root Canal Filling Procedures
Fig. 6.1 (a) Micro-computed tomography axial section of a tooth with the root canals filled. The material appears in black color and shows a good filling of the root canals….
Endodontics
Due to Medicaments
Fig. 7.1 NaOCl extrusion (Courtesy of Dr. Daniel OTT) 7.2.2 Probable Aetiological Factors 1. Wide apical foramina 2. If the apical constriction is destroyed probably during root canal instrumentation…
Diagnosis and Treatment Planning
Medical/Dental history Past/recent treatment, drugs Chief complaint (if any) How long, symptoms, duration of pain, location, onset, stimuli, relief, referred, medications Clinical exam Facial symmetry, sinus tract, soft tissue, periodontal…
of Radiographic Interpretation
Fig. 2.1 Periapical radiographic images obtained by intraoral solid-state sensors, used for diagnosis, odontometry, and follow-up 2.2 Digital Radiography Digital intraoral receptors have several advantages compared to conventional film-based imaging,…
of Local Anaesthesia in Endodontics
Fig. 3.1 Indirect view of palate where 4% articaine with 1:80,000 adrenaline was administered. Sloughing following vasoconstrictor induced ischemia is a more likely reason than the anesthetic per se When…
in Geriatric Patient
Fig. 11.1 (a, b) Male patient, 70 years old, no systemic problem, strong attrition, secondary dentine formation and calcifications in pulp chamber, and vertical dimensional loss. This sort of clinical…
to Reduce the Risk of Reinfection in Endodontics
Poorer prognosis Better prognosis Secondary infection Primary infection Long-standing infection Presence of fistulae No historical or current oral/endodontic communication Lack of coronal seal/insufficient residual tooth structure Sufficient tooth structure…
Complications
Fractured instrument (can it be bypassed?) Yes No (consider the location) Continue biomechanical preparation. Do not attempt to remove the fractured part of the instrument Apical third Middle/coronal third …
of Endodontic Surgery
Fig. 9.1 Gingival recession following intrasulcular incision in the area of maxillary central incisor (PFM crown) Separation of the wound margins may occur within the first week after surgery. This…
in Systemically Compromised Patients
Classification SBP (mmHg) DBP (mmHg) Normal <120 and <80 Prehypertension 120–139 or 80–89 Stage 1 hypertension 140–159 or 90–99 Stage 2 hypertension ≥160 ≥100 SBP systolic blood pressure; DBP diastolic…
Incompletely Developed Apices
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Diagnostic Case II:: Exploratory Surgery: Repairing Incomplete Fracture
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Non-surgical Root Canal Treatment Case VII: Maxillary Molar/Four Canals (MB1, MB2, DB, P)
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Perio–Endo Interrelationships
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Non-surgical Re-treatment Case III: Mandibular Molar
Non-surgical Re-treatment Case III:Mandibular Molar Bruce Y. Cha Learning Objectives To be able to formulate a correct endodontic diagnosis and optimal treatment plan from clinical assessment and radiographs. To describe…
Non-surgical Root Canal Treatment Case II: Mandibular Anterior
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Non-surgical Root Canal Treatment Case III: Maxillary Anterior/Difficult case (Calcified Coronal ½ Canal System)
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Non-surgical Root Canal Treatment Case I: Maxillary Anterior
Non-surgical Root Canal Treatment Case I:Maxillary Anterior Denise Foran Learning Objectives To describe anatomic variations of the maxillary anterior teeth. To understand the elements of performing a clinical endodontic workup…
Traumatic Injuries:: Avulsed and Root-Fractured Maxillary Central Incisor
Traumatic Injuries:Avulsed and Root-Fractured Maxillary Central Incisor Bill Kahler and Louis M. Lin Learning Objectives To understand how to provide appropriate emergency care immediately following dental trauma, including diagnosis and…
External/Internal Resorption
External/Internal Resorption Keivan Zoufan, Takashi Komabayashi, and Qiang Zhu Learning Objectives To understand the classifications of tooth resorption. To understand the etiology of tooth resorption. To understand the treatment of…
