Robotic surgery has revolutionized minimally invasive surgery. Owing to its unique features and key advantages, robotic surgery is being used for complex cases across surgical specialties. It has been introduced…

Modern microsurgical techniques have made possible a broad spectrum of novel means for the reconstruction of complex bone and soft tissue defects. These techniques, in combination with developments in transplant…

Several methods can be used for identifying tissues for transfer in donor-site–depleted patients. A fillet flap can be temporarily stored in other parts of the body and transferred back to…

Pedicle perforator flaps and keystone perforator island flaps are additional tools for reconstructive surgeons. Advances in understanding of vascular anatomy, the dynamic nature of perforator perfusion, inter-perforator flow and the…

Use of the retrograde limb of the internal mammary vein has been described previously as a lifeboat for venous congestion but not prophylactically. Maximizing the length of the deep inferior…

Autologous breast reconstructions have grown in popularity because of their durability, aesthetic outcomes, symmetry, increase in external beam radiotherapy use, and potential aesthetic enhancement at the donor site. Increasing patient…

Head and neck reconstructive microsurgery is constantly innovating because of a combination of multidisciplinary advances. This article examines recent innovations that have affected the field as well as presenting research…

As microsurgical expertise has improved, allowing for the safe transfer of smaller and more refined flaps, free tissue transfer has continued to gain popularity for the management of pediatric soft…