Post-Traumatic Injuries of the Trigeminal and Facial Nerve
Key points • An adequate understanding of the pertinent anatomy of the head and neck is necessary to successfully diagnose and treat injuries of the facial and trigeminal nerves. •…
Complicated Maxillofacial Fractures
Key points • To understand the variety of presentations of pediatric maxillofacial trauma. • To appreciate the effects of facial trauma on the growing facial skeleton. • To detail the…
Bilateral Temporomandibular Joint Reconstruction and Maxillomandibular Advancement for Concomitant Temporomandibular Joint Degeneration and Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Key points • Association between temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and sleep disturbances, including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), is well documented, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. • Comprehensive diagnostic workup is…
Pediatric Sleep Surgery
Key points • Congenital craniofacial abnormalities are rare but often correctable causes of obstructive sleep apnea. • Robin sequence and syndromic craniosynostosis are the most common congenital craniofacial anomalies associated…
Maxillomandibular Advancement
Maxillomandibular advancement (MMA) for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has remained a reliable and highly effective surgical intervention since its introduction in 1989. Modifications have been made to…
Tonsillectomy and Pharyngoplasty
Key points • The airway of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients has been shown to be smaller in the lateral dimension and retropalatal region. • Palatopharyngoplasty can be performed alone…
Transoral Robotic Surgery for the Tongue Base
Key points • Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a common disorder that affects 2% to 4% of men and 1% to 2% of women between the ages of 30…
Pediatric Tongue Base Surgery
Key points • Tongue base is one of the most common sites of upper airway obstruction in patients with persistent obstructive sleep apnea after removal of adenoids and palatine tonsils….
Maxillomandibular Advancement
Key points • Obstructive sleep apnea is underdiagnosed in Canada. • Canadian sleep specialists are reluctant to propose maxillomandibular advancement (MMA). • The Canadian public health insurance covers expenses related…
Genioglossus and Genioplasty Advancement
Key points • Genioglossus advancement with or without genioplasty is technique used as part of multilevel treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. • Many modifications have been described to tailor the…
