Drug and Alcohol Abuse
The abusive use of drugs and alcohol is a huge and growing public health problem in the United States, as well as in many other countries worldwide. Drug and alcohol…
Psychiatric Disorders
Definition The American Psychiatric Association published the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) in 2013. It includes detailed descriptions of neurodevelopmental disorders, schizophrenia spectrum…
Anxiety and Eating Disorders
Definition This chapter discusses anxiety disorders (panic, phobias, posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD], and generalized anxiety disorder) and eating disorders ( Box 28.1 ). Adverse reactions and drug interactions associated with…
Congenital Bleeding and Hypercoagulable Disorders
A number of procedures that are performed in dentistry may cause bleeding. Under normal circumstances, these procedures can be performed with little risk; however, patients whose ability to control bleeding…
Cancer and Oral Care of Patients With Cancer
Collectively, all cancers combined account for about one quarter of deaths in the United States, thereby placing cancer second only to heart disease as a leading cause of death. Cancer…
Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders
Snoring and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Definition Sleep-related breathing disorders constitute a spectrum of clinical entities with variations in sleep structure, respiration, and blood oxygen saturation. The spectrum ranges from mild…
Acquired Bleeding and Hypercoagulable Disorders
Definition A number of procedures that are performed in dentistry may cause bleeding. Under normal circumstances, these procedures can be performed with little clinical risk; however, in patients whose ability…
Disorders of White Blood Cells
Definition Disorders of white blood cells (WBCs) in dental patients can substantially influence clinical decision making as well as the delivery of care because WBCs constitute the primary defense against…
AIDS, HIV Infection, and Related Conditions
Definition On June 5, 1981, when the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported five cases of Pneumocystis carinii (now jiroveci ) pneumonia in young homosexual men in Los…
Women’s Health Issues
Definition Women’s health is altered by pregnancy and by diseases unique to female anatomy and physiology. This chapter focuses on common conditions of women that require recognition and management by…
