4: Influence of intraoral factors on optical and mechanical aligner material properties Fayez Elkholy, Silva Schmidt, Masoud Amirkhani, Bernd G. Lapatki Introduction The triad of success of orthodontic therapy comprises…
5: Theoretical and practical considerations in planning an orthodontic treatment with clear aligners Tommaso Castroflorio, Gabriele Rossini, Simone Parrini Introduction After the Stone Age, the Iron Age, and the Bronze…
18: Pain during orthodontic treatment: Biologic mechanisms and clinical management Tiantong Lou, Johnny Tran, Ali Tassi, Iacopo Cioffi The importance of orthodontic pain Pain, as defined by the International Association…
3: Clear aligners: Material structures and properties Masoud Amirkhani, Fayez Elkholy, Bernd G. Lapatki Introduction The continued improvement of medical treatment demands easy to use, cheaper, and more durable products…
4 Mandibular bone block grafts 4.1 Introduction Tooth loss leads to a remodeling of the alveolar bone, especially at the buccal bone wall. This process is usually the reason for…
3 Soft tissue management and bone augmentation in implantology Soft tissue management during augmentation, implantation, and second-stage surgery 3.1 Introduction In addition to purely functional rehabilitation, the esthetic quality of…
2 Diagnosis and planning of the augmentation procedure 2.1 Introduction The aim of implant prosthetic rehabilitation is the integration of fixed or removable dental prostheses. Therefore, it is necessary to…
1 Biology of bone regeneration in augmentative procedures Reinhard Gruber 1.1 Introduction Regenerative dentistry critically depends on the functional understanding of bone biology – to be precise, bone development, bone…
2 Understanding periodontitis Daniela Hoedke, Henrik Dommisch Periodontitis is a complex inflammatory human disease. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), periodontitis is considered as a chronic noncommunicable disease (NCD),…
