Fig. 7.1 Selection of clinical cases of molar endodontics with (a) a right mandibular first molar (46 FDI, #30 Universal) with inadequate root canal treatment, periapical lesions on both roots…
Fig. 4.1 The radiographic presentations are shown of a deep caries lesion versus an extremely deep lesion. (a) The deep lesion involves the pulpal quarter with a radiodense zone separating…
Fig. 5.1 Access cavity in maxillary first molar. (a) Conservative access, allowing straight-line access to main canals. Note cavity extension mesial for MB2 canal. (b) Access cavity and canal orifices…
Evaluation Signs of favorable outcome Checklist Subjective symptoms Asymptomatic, comfortable, and functional √ Restoration Good-quality restoration with no signs of caries √ Pulp sensitivity Normal positive response to thermal or…
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2017 Ove A. Peters (ed.)The Guidebook to Molar Endodontics10.1007/978-3-662-52901-0_3 3. Local Anesthesia John M. Nusstein1 (1) Division of Endodontics, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, 305 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210,…
Fig. 5.1 (a, b) Preoperative radiographs reveal dystrophic obliteration of the canal spaces in tooth #5. Access and instrumentation was performed on #4, but only the buccal canal in #5…
Fig. 4.1 Periapical radiograph of a right mandibular second molar with associated apical pathosis (a) and the post-endodontic periapical radiograph with obturation material demonstrating the complex nature of the root…
Fig. 6.1 Periapical radiographs of tooth #14, mesial and distal angles, respectively (a, b). Coronal view of the mesiobuccal root showing a missed mesiobuccal canal and periapical pathology not detected…
Fig. 2.1 A 49-year-old male was referred for evaluation of tooth number 3 prior to fabrication of a new crown. The root canal treatment was completed approximately 15 years ago…
Fig. 1.1 Schematic representations of the approximate anatomical coverage provided by different fields of view of a CBCT unit. (a) Small FOV, (b) medium FOV, and (c) large FOV In…
Fig. 3.1 Percentage of treatment plans changed by each of the three examiners after reviewing the CBCT 3.2 Implications for Clinical Practice Under the conditions of the previous study [24],…
Fig. 7.1 Periapical radiographs can be suboptimal in representing complex anatomy compared with CBCT. A 71-year-old male presented with discomfort in the maxillary right quadrant. (a) Periapical radiograph shows an…
(1) InLaser Rome – Advanced Center for Esthetic and Laser Dentistry, Rome, Italy (2) Arizona Center for Laser Dentistry, 7900 E. Thompson Peak Parkway #101, Scottsdale, AZ 85255, USA …
Fig. 6.1 Draft representing the typical irradiation proposed for conventional laser endodontics; the fiber is positioned in a dry canal 1 mm shorter from the apex and is retracted with…
Fig. 10.1 Water absorption coefficient and penetration depth of different wavelengths In addition, the medium infrared lasers (2780–2940 nm) are absorbed also by water in the dentinal walls [28], creating…
Easily manipulated with ample working time Radiopaque and easily discernible on radiographs Dimensionally stable with no shrinkage once inserted Seals the canals laterally and apically conforming to the canal anatomy…
Fig 13.1 Clinical radiographs and photographs showing endodontic cases which have failed despite attempts at treatment. (a) Missed anatomy, (b) persistent disease despite well-obturated canal system, (c) overextension resulting in…
Fig. 16.1 Clinical radiographs demonstrating (a, b) external inflammatory root resorption associated with apical pathosis, (c) external replacement resorption, (d) internal root resorption, (e) orthodontic pressure root resorption, and (f)…
Fig. 10.1 Clinical radiographs demonstrating inadequate root canal fillings with or without poor coronal restorations. Note (a) well-fitting post and core restoration with untreated MB2 and poorly treated MB1, DB,…
Fig. 17.1 Clinical photographs and radiographs showing pre-endodontic restorability and periodontal assessment considerations. Note: (a–c) tooth 17 presented with gross buccal caries extending subgingivally. A crown-lengthening procedure was not possible…
