Managing Tooth Mobility
Abstract One of the most immediate dental concerns linked to periodontal disease is tooth mobility, and unlike pocket depth or attachment level, tooth mobility is easily understood by patients. But,…
Periodontics
Correcting Gingival Recession and Mucogingival Defects
Abstract While the discovery of deep pocketing seems to be the most common cause of alarm during periodontal exams, soft tissue deficiencies are often overlooked during routine exams. This is…
Controlling Gingival Inflammation
Abstract Generally, dental treatment begins with pain management, if needed, and progresses through acute disease control, definite treatment, and maintenance phases. The acute disease control phase consists of biopsy and…
Predicting Tooth Longevity
Abstract Data gathered during periodontal assessment also helps to answer questions about prognosis that are highly relevant to patients and practitioners: what is the likelihood of tooth loss without treatment?…
Treating Teeth with Furcation Involvement
Abstract Furcation involvement presents a special challenge to nonsurgical and surgical periodontal techniques, and the management of furcation involvement has to be approached from both periodontal and restorative perspectives. This…
Reducing Pockets
Abstract For patients with more significant periodontal disease, there typically are residual deep pockets remaining after nonsurgical periodontal treatment. While it is possible that repeat scaling and root planing and…
Identifying Periodontal Diseases
Abstract The next step after periodontal data gathering is periodontal diagnosis, which means identification of a patient’s ongoing periodontal disease(s) and attempting to understand what factors led to a patient’s…
Gathering Periodontal Data
Abstract The most important aspect of periodontal treatment is a thorough patient evaluation as without it, neither comprehensive diagnosis nor treatment planning is possible. Patient evaluation must investigate the systemic…
Background: Periodontal Disease Mechanisms and Wound Healing
Abstract Periodontal diseases are one of the most common diseases in adults. Signs of mild periodontal inflammation are usually present in adults, and 10 to 60% of middle-aged adults have…
Periodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
Chapter 2 Periodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease Nagore Ambrosio and Bruno G. Loos 2.1 Introduction This chapter describes the relationship of periodontal disease and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD). Periodontal disease…
Periodontitis and neurodegenerative diseases
Chapter 9 Periodontitis and neurodegenerative diseases Tanya Cerajewska, Shelley Allen-Birt and Nicola West 9.1 Introduction Many neurodegenerative diseases cause progressive deterioration in specific areas of the nervous system. This affects…
Periodontitis, pregnancy and fertility
Chapter 7 Periodontitis, pregnancy and fertility Yiorgos A. Bobetsis and Phoebus N. Madianos 7.1 Introduction Pregnancy is a unique period during a woman’s life. Throughout this period many changes take…
Periodontitis and malignancy
Chapter 8 Periodontitis and malignancy Jon H. Higham and Frank Scannapieco 8.1 Introduction Epidemiological studies have established an association between malignancy and exposure to chronic infection and aberrant immune response…
Periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis
Chapter 5 Periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis Isabel Lopez-Oliva and Mark Bartold 5.1 Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis are both chronic inflammatory diseases characterised by an exacerbated immune-inflammatory reaction that…
Periodontitis and inflammatory bowel disease
Chapter 4 Periodontitis and inflammatory bowel disease Hélène Rangé and Philippe Bouchard 4.1 Introduction The term inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is used to describe two major types of disease: Crohn…
Periodontitis and autoimmunity
Chapter 11 Periodontitis and autoimmunity Josefine Hirschfeld and Iain L.C. Chapple 11.1 Introduction The immune system consists of an innate and an adaptive arm and comprises different cell types as…
Periodontitis and chronic kidney disease
Chapter 3 Periodontitis and chronic kidney disease Praveen Sharma and Francesco D’Aiuto 3.1 Introduction Chronic kidney disease (CKD) arises from abnormalities in the structure and/or function of the kidneys, present…
Periodontitis, stress and depression
Chapter 10 Periodontitis, stress and depression Alkisti Zekeridou and Catherine Giannopoulou 10.1 Introduction Periodontitis is a multifactorial inflammatory disease that destroys the supporting tissues of the teeth. The disease is…
Periodontitis, obesity and diabetes mellitus
Chapter 1 Periodontitis, obesity and diabetes mellitus Bruno S. Herrera and Filippo Graziani 1.1 Introduction In the last two decades, researchers have looked more deeply into the association of periodontitis…
Periodontitis and respiratory diseases
Chapter 6 Periodontitis and respiratory diseases Lewis Winning and Gerard J. Linden 6.1 Introduction ‘Respiratory disease’ describes a broad range of pathological conditions that affect the respiratory system including chronic…
