Dental service requirements are determined by four demographic and epidemiologic factors: 1. The population at risk 2. The incidence and prevalence of dental diseases 3. The accepted standards of care…
Endodontic Record Excellence Importance Endodontic therapy records serve as an important map to document and guide the clinician’s journey down the correct diagnostic and treatment path. Documentation is essential to…
Despite the dental profession’s emphasis on prevention, threats to pulp survival, such as caries, restorative dental treatment, and traumatic injuries, have not been eliminated. As a consequence, children continue to…
Nonsurgical root canal therapy has become a routine procedure in modern dentistry. Technical and scientific advances in endodontics have resulted in the retention of millions of teeth that would otherwise…
Special Features of Endodontically Treated Teeth Once endodontic therapy is completed, the tooth must be adequately restored. Indeed, given the large impact that poor or missing restorations have on the…
Vital pulp therapy is designed to preserve and maintain pulpal health in teeth that have been exposed to trauma, caries, restorative procedures, and anatomic anomalies. The treatment can be completed…
Society, in general, is more concerned about beauty and perfect looks than ever before. In particular, the “perfect smile” has gained more and more importance, including straight and light-colored teeth….
1 The authors acknowledge the outstanding work of Drs. Henry Trowbridge, Syngcuk Kim, Hideaki Suda, David H. Pashley, and Fredrick R. Liewehr in previous editions of this text. The present…
This scenario is familiar to many people. The mere act of making a dental appointment requires greater courage than they can summon up, and except when oral pain becomes unbearable,…
* The authors would like to acknowledge the contributions of David Witherspoon for his involvement with previous editions. Although nonsurgical endodontic treatment is a highly predictable option in most cases,…
Context of Evaluating Endodontic Outcomes The development of medical and dental practices has been guided by prevailing philosophies and consensus of expert opinions. The foundations of modern endodontics were shaken…
Clinical endodontics encompasses a number of treatments, but they have in common the goal of preventing and treating microbial contamination of pulps and root canal systems. Treatment of traumatic dental…
Apical periodontitis is essentially an inflammatory disease of microbial etiology primarily caused by infection of the root canal system. Although chemical and physical factors can induce periradicular inflammation, a large…
The dental pulp is a dynamic tissue that responds to external stimuli in many ways. However, there are certain unique features about the dental pulp response that distinguish it from…
Overview of Regenerative Dentistry Advancements in tissue engineering are dramatically changing medicine and dentistry. Tissue engineering is an interdisciplinary field that applies the principles of engineering and the life sciences…
Radiographic Interpretation Interpretation of information captured by radiographic imaging modalities is central to the diagnostic process. It is very important to capture a diagnostically useful image using appropriate exposure parameters…
I Local Anesthesia for Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics Effective local anesthesia is the bedrock of pain control in endodontics and restorative dentistry. Regardless of the clinician’s skills, both treatment and…
The process of case selection and treatment planning begins after a clinician has diagnosed an endodontic problem. The clinician must determine whether the patient’s oral health needs are best met…
