Background and objectives: Hyperplasia and osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle are both rare conditions. In the adult, surgical treatment is the same for both conditions: resection of the mandibular condyle and mandibular osteotomy. Rarely, maxillary osteotomy is necessary. We have previously published on a surgical method that avoids autogenic grafts or joint prosthesis. The objective of this study is to present a long-term clinical follow-up of 8 patients.

Methods: Eight patients with a clinical diagnosis of either condylar hyperplasia or osteochondroma of the mandible were operated. Surgery comprised resection of the condyle and reshaping of the condylar neck. After vertical osteotomy of the ramus the posterior segment was then positioned underneath the preserved TMJ disc. In 3 patients a vertical osteotomy of the ramus was performed on the contralateral side in order to correct the asymmetry. Follow-up examinations comprised clinical evaluations of joint pain, maximum interincisal opening, maximum protrusive mandibular movements and occlusal changes. Additionally radiographic examinations were performed in order to detect any recurrent growth.

Results: The mean follow-up period was 12 (2–20 years). No recurrence of growth was noticed. Joint pain was noticed in 6 patients before surgery and in no one at follow-up. Maximum opening was reduced in 3 patients before surgery and all improved to normal values at follow-up. In one patient maximum opening was slightly reduced compared to preoperative values. All patients had normal maximum protrusive movements at follow-up. Only one patient needed a slight occlusal equilibration postoperatively.

Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the presented conservative approach is to be recommended for surgical treatment of hyperplasia and osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle. Disclosure: The author has no financial relationship with manufacturers/suppliers of commercial products or services related to this work.