Oral Chronic Hyperplastic Candidosis

Fig. 8.1

Clinical aspect of chronic hyperplastic candidosis at the commissures and oral mucosa

Fig. 8.2

Clinical appearance of plaque-like lesion of right commissural and retrocommissural area

Fig. 8.3

Chronic hyperplastic candidosis at the commissural and retrocommissural area

Fig. 8.4

Plaque-like lesion at the commissural and retrocommissural region in oral mucosa

Diagnosis

In general, the diagnosis of oral candidosis is based on clinical signs and symptoms in conjunction with a complete medical history. Clinical diagnosis is usually confirmed by laboratory tests from clinical samples (Farah et al., 2010). Oropharyngeal swab cultures may demonstrate Candida spp., but, because colonization of the oral mucosa by Candida is common, this is not necessarily diagnostic. Confirmation of a diagnosis of oral candidosis can be accomplished via a 10 % potassium hydroxide slide preparation of a mucosal scraping from a suggestive oral lesion (Thompson et al., 2010). Often, a biopsy is required to establish the diagnosis of oral hyperplastic chronic candidosis and to rule out other white lesions.

Histopathological Characteristics

The histopathological characteristics of CHC may vary according to their clinical presentation. The candida infection not only causes epithelial hyperplasia, but can also induce epithelial atypias (Shibata et al., 2011).

The following histopathologic features can be found in cases of oral hyperplastic chronic candidosis:

Hyperplasia of the rete ridges (Fig. 8.5)

Fig. 8.5

Histopathological aspect of chronic hyperplastic candidosis – epithelial hyperplasia (HE ×10)
Hyperorthokeratinized or hyperparakeratinized mucosa (Fig. 8.6)

Fig. 8.6

Histopathological aspect of chronic hyperplastic candidosis – hyperparakeratosis (HE ×100)
Chronic inflammatory cells infiltrate (Fig. 8.7)

Fig. 8.7

Homogenous chronic hyperplastic candidosis – epithelial dysplasia, acanthosis, hyperchromatism, and chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate in the lamina propria (HE ×100)
Acanthosis (Fig. 8.7)
Epithelial dysplasia (Fig. 8.7)
Dyskeratoses (Fig. 8.8)

Fig. 8.8

Homogenous chronic hyperplastic candidosis – dyskeratoses (HE ×100)
Invasion of the hyphae (Fig. 8.9)

Only gold members can continue reading. Log In or Register to continue