Background and objectives: Generally in the case of minor oral surgical procedures and exodontia co-operation of the patients and their families with the dentist will lead to superior treatment outcomes. Midazolam gives potent sedation, loss of memory and anxiolysis. The aim of this randomised prospective clinical study is to compare the local anaesthetic and haemodynamic effects of 2% lidocaine and 3% mepivacaine in sedated pediatric patients undergoing deciduous tooth extraction.

Patients and methods: The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee, and 60 pediatric patients undergoing sedation for elective decidous tooth extraction was prospectively included in the study in a randomized fashion. Inclusion and exlusion criteria were assigned. Patients were administrated premedication. Local anaesthesia was achieved before extraction(s). Partial oxygen saturation (SpO ₂ ), systolic and diastolic arterial pressure (BP) and heart rate were recorded. Patients were followed after two hours.

Results: There were no significant differences between the groups in patient demographics, number of teeth extracted, duration of the operation and time from the end of the procedure to discharge ( p > 0.05) FLACC pain scale scores were not statistically significant between the groups, except at 20 min post-operatively when the score is significantly lower in Group 2 ( p = 0.029). There were no significant difference between the groups basal haemodynamic values and SAP values.

Conclusion: Prevention of pain during dental procedures can nurture the relationship of the patient and dentist, building trust, allaying fear and anxiety, and promoting a positive dental attitude. Tooth extraction under sedation in pediatric patient could be safe with both local anaesthetics.

Key words: local anaesthetic; sedation; lidocaine; mepivacaine; anxiety