Some tropical diseases have an endemic incidence on Latin American population, because of the weather and environment conditions typical of these places. Between these diseases paracoccidioidomycosis is a deep mycosis acquired by the inhalation of Paracoccidiodes brazilensis in regions classified as subtropical mountain forests. The disease is believed to be initially acquired through the inhalation of the fungus. After the inhalation of conidia, the fungus transforms into yeast cells within the alveolar macrophages. In most patients who are immunocompetent, infection is subclinical, and fungal growth is halted. However, in some patients, after an incubation period of weeks to decades, the fungus reactivates and disseminates, causing granulomatous disease in multiple tissues. The primary disease affects the lungs, and can spread to the mucous membranes, skin, lymph nodes, and various internal organs, creating secondary lesions. After an efficient treatment with itraconazol or amphotericin B this disease can be healed but complications generally result from fibrotic scarring that occurs during healing. Thus when buccal and labial mucosa are involved occurs microstomia, which causes difficulty in food intake and breathing. We present three cases of microstomia following paracoccidioidomycosis which were treated surgically with flaps and skin grafts to improve the quality of life of patients.

Conflict of interest: None declared.