Synovial Chondromatosis of a joint is a benign condition of unknown aetiology. It is characterised by the presence of loose body in the articular space. It commonly affects larger joints like knee, elbow, wrist, shoulder and hip. Involvement of the TMJ is rare. Pain and swelling of the joint is the usual presentation but clicking and limitation of mouth opening can sometimes occur. CT and MRI can be helpful but histopathology confirms the diagnosis. There is no agreed consensus in the literature regarding treatment. Different approaches ranging from conservative to more extensive surgery has been reported.

We present a case of synovial chondromatosis of the left TMJ in a 34 year old woman who presented with pre-auricular swelling and pain. After initial conservative treatment for synovitis, the joint was surgically explored and the loose bodies removed. No recurrence was seen 18 months post surgery.

We share our experience of managing this condition with good clinical, surgical and histopathological illustrations.

Conflict of interest: None declared.