6.1 Examination and Evaluation of Facial Asymmetry
In recent decades, the development of various diagnostic techniques has facilitated accurate assessments of facial asymmetry. In particular, the development of three-dimensional (3D) diagnostic tools has enabled the identification of more asymmetry details than were possible using the two-dimensional plane, allowing these details to be reflected in the surgical plan [1–3]. In particular, facial scanners, capable of 3D evaluations of soft and hard tissues, have been used to assist surgical planning by clinicians (Fig. 6.1) [4].
Fig. 6.1
Various diagnostic data used for surgery planning in cases of facial asymmetry. Traditional two-dimensional cephalometric radiographs, three-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography data, and three-dimensional facial scan data are useful for surgical planning
Nevertheless, the surgeon’s clinical evaluation of the patient’s face is especially important in the surgical planning for cases of facial asymmetry. To establish a more accurate surgical plan, both a static evaluation of a facial photograph and an evaluation of the dynamic state are necessary (Fig. 6.2).
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