Ameloblastomas are locally invasive odontogenic tumors which have important clinical significance. This study aimed to retrospectively analyze and correlate the demographic, clinical, radiographic, histopathological and therapeutic features of those tumors. Forty-one medical records from an Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery service were analyzed and their histopathological diagnoses were reviewed. Data were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests. The sample comprised 14 men and 27 women with a mean age of 38.9 years. The posterior area of the mandible was the most affected anatomic area, with 36 cases and the multilocular radiographic was the most common subtype (79.4%), followed by the unilocular subtype (20.6%). Complains of pain were reported in only 12 patients. The histopathological findings were: 39% follicular, 34.1% plexiform, and 14.6% unicystic. The treatment with marginal resection was the most performed with 60.6%, followed by curettage plus cryotherapy with 21.2%. It was observed that the average age was higher for cases of multilocular radiolucency. A significant association was found between the type of treatment and radiographic appearance ( p < 0.05).

The study concluded that ameloblastoma was more common in the 3rd decade of life, the region of the posterior mandible was the most affected location, radiological appearance of multilocular and histological pattern of follicular were the most common, and treatment based on marginal resection was the most performed.

Conflict of interest: None declared.