Key points • The optimal evaluation and treatment of the head-injured patient is predicated on initially following established Advanced Trauma Life Support principles and preventing secondary injury. • Once specific…
Key points • Key historical information for the triage of ocular trauma includes the mechanism and nature of the injury, the presence of eyewear at the time of the injury,…
Key points • The maxilla, palate, zygomaticomaxillary complex, nasal bones, orbits, nasal-orbital-ethmoid complex, and frontal sinus may be affected by midface trauma. • Forces directed onto the midfacial skeleton are…
Key points • Copious irrigation with normal saline is the only debridement and preparation needed for most soft tissue wounds before closure. • Well-irrigated and debrided facial soft tissue wounds…
Key points • Proper treatment cannot be completed without an accurate diagnosis. • Whenever possible, occlusion should be used to guide reduction. • Anatomic reduction is the goal. • In…
Key points • Wound healing occurs over 4 phases: (1) hemostasis; (2) inflammation; (3) proliferation; (4) remodeling. • Macronutrients (proteins/amino acids, carbohydrates, and essential fatty acids) provide building blocks and…
Key points • Recent advances in imaging systems, software, and the use of additive manufacturing techniques have provided unprecedented opportunities for evaluation of both hard and soft tissues for presurgical…
Key points • The permanent cavity is the site of initial permanent tissue destruction. • Deformation of the projectile after impacting hard tissues causes an increase in the size of…
Key points • When possible, disaster-response teams and equipment should be identified and organized before the incident occurs. • Triage is a difficult but necessary component of disaster-relief and combat…
Key points • Trauma is the leading cause of death for individuals in the United States up to the age of 45, and is the third leading cause of death…
David A. Bitonti, DMD, CAPT, DC, USN, Editor The management of maxillofacial trauma and the practice of oral and maxillofacial surgery are integrally linked. The synergistic combination of an intricate understanding…
Key points • The second molar tooth is usually the last functional tooth to erupt and can become impacted under the distal contour of the first molar. • Leaving the…
Key points • Skeletal anchorage devices enhance the versatility and expand the range of traditional orthodontic therapy. • Rapid and reliable movement of teeth can correct some deformities that were…
Key points • The order of frequency of tooth impaction includes mandibular and maxillary third molars, maxillary canines, mandibular premolars, mandibular canines, maxillary premolars, maxillary central incisors, maxillary lateral incisors,…
Key points • Coronectomy is considered a reasonable and safe treatment alternative for patients who demonstrate elevated risk for injury to the inferior alveolar nerve with the removal of third…
Key points • Other than third molars, the maxillary canine teeth are the most commonly impacted teeth. • Surgical intervention and coordination of care with the orthodontist will lead to…
Key points • Children have a higher incidence of dentoalveolar trauma than adults. • Injuries to the primary dentition are usually less severe and can often be managed with extractions….
