Periradicular Surgery
* The authors would like to acknowledge the contributions of David Witherspoon for his involvement with previous editions. Although nonsurgical endodontic treatment is a highly predictable option in most cases,…
Evaluation of Outcomes
Context of Evaluating Endodontic Outcomes The development of medical and dental practices has been guided by prevailing philosophies and consensus of expert opinions. The foundations of modern endodontics were shaken…
Cleaning and Shaping the Root Canal System
Clinical endodontics encompasses a number of treatments, but they have in common the goal of preventing and treating microbial contamination of pulps and root canal systems. Treatment of traumatic dental…
Microbiology of Endodontic Infections
Apical periodontitis is essentially an inflammatory disease of microbial etiology primarily caused by infection of the root canal system. Although chemical and physical factors can induce periradicular inflammation, a large…
Pulpal Reactions to Caries and Dental Procedures
The dental pulp is a dynamic tissue that responds to external stimuli in many ways. However, there are certain unique features about the dental pulp response that distinguish it from…
Regenerative Endodontics
Overview of Regenerative Dentistry Advancements in tissue engineering are dramatically changing medicine and dentistry. Tissue engineering is an interdisciplinary field that applies the principles of engineering and the life sciences…
Radiographic Interpretation
Radiographic Interpretation Interpretation of information captured by radiographic imaging modalities is central to the diagnostic process. It is very important to capture a diagnostically useful image using appropriate exposure parameters…
Pain Control
I Local Anesthesia for Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics Effective local anesthesia is the bedrock of pain control in endodontics and restorative dentistry. Regardless of the clinician’s skills, both treatment and…
Case Selection and Treatment Planning
The process of case selection and treatment planning begins after a clinician has diagnosed an endodontic problem. The clinician must determine whether the patient’s oral health needs are best met…
Enhanced mechanical properties of ZrO 2-Al 2O 3 dental ceramic composites by altering Al 2O 3 form
Highlights • Addition of Al 2 O 3 result in decrease in sintering shrinkage and relative density. • Different forms of Al 2 O 3 in Al 2 O 3…
Effect of finishing/polishing techniques and low temperature degradation on the surface topography, phase transformation and flexural strength of ultra-translucent ZrO 2 ceramic
Highlights • The LTD also significantly increased the fracture resistance of zirconia. • The fracture resistance was significantly lower in all groups that were glazed. • The groups were treated…
Adhesion to high-performance polymers applied in dentistry: A systematic review
Abstract Objective The aim of this systemic review, conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement, was to investigate the impact of surface pretreatments on the bonding strength of high performance…
Outcomes of ultra-fast (3 s) photo-cure in a RAFT-modified resin-composite
Highlights • Effective photo-curing for 3 s at high radiant emittance is connected to a modification of the polymerization mechanism in a dimethacrylate resin-based composite (RBC) by incorporation of a…
Load-bearing capacity of CAD/CAM 3D-printed zirconia, CAD/CAM milled zirconia, and heat-pressed lithium disilicate ultra-thin occlusal veneers on molars
Highlights • Occlusal veneers can be reliably produced by 3D-printing with the Lithography-based Ceramic Manufacturing process. • 3D-printed zirconia, milled zirconia and heat-pressed lithium disilicate can be recommended as material…
The adverse effects of tungsten carbide grinding on the strength of dental zirconia
Highlights • Grinding dental zirconia with tungsten carbide burs causes a significant reduction of the biaxial flexural strength. • This reduction was attributed to ultra-structural subsurface micro-cracks observed to have…
Development of novel dental restorative composites with dibasic calcium phosphate loaded chitosan fillers
Highlights • Electrospraying was successful to obtain chitosan particles encapsulated with and without DCPA. • Antimicrobial effect was by due attributed to direct contact of the bacteria with exposed with…
Cyclic contact fatigue resistance of ceramics for monolithic and multilayer dental restorations
Abstract Objective To evaluate the cyclic contact fatigue resistance and failure mode of ceramics for monolithic and multilayer restorations. Methods Ceramic structures (10 mm × 1.8 mm) were fabricated as…
Preparation and evaluation of a BisGMA-free dental composite resin based on a novel trimethacrylate monomer
Highlights • The TTM monomer was synthesized to replace the BisGMA in dental composites. • The TTM-based composite resin has mechanical properties similar than the control. • The use of…
Injectable phosphopullulan-functionalized calcium-silicate cement for pulp-tissue engineering: An in-vivoand ex-vivostudy
Graphical abstract Highlights • The ex-vivo human tooth model is a promising tool to study initial mineralization. • An self-adhering phosphopullulan-based biomaterial for pulp-capping is presented. • The phosphopullulan-based cement…
