Local Anesthesia
Learning Objectives After reading this chapter, the student should be able to: 1. Explain why apprehension and anxiety, fatigue, and tissue inflammation create difficulties in obtaining profound anesthesia. 2. Define…
Endodontic Case Complexity and Working with the Specialist
Learning Objectives After reading this chapter, the student should be able to: 1. Evaluate the multiple factors that determine case difficulty and potential need for referral. 2. Identify the indications…
Differential Diagnosis of Pains and Radiolucencies of Nonpulpal Origin
Learning Objectives After reading this chapter, the student should be able to: 1. Identify the personal and societal effect that orofacial pain conditions can have. 2. Understand the classification systems…
Endodontic Diagnosis and Treatment Planning
Learning Objectives After reading this chapter, the student should be able to: 1. Recognize that diagnosis and treatment planning for pulpal and periapical conditions should be part of a broader…
Endodontic Radiology
Learning Objectives After reading this chapter, the student should be able to: 1. Differentiate between stochastic and deterministic dental x-radiation biorisks and recognize which poses the greatest endodontic patient risk….
Systemic Health Considerations in the Endodontic Patient and Geriatric Endodontics
Learning Objectives After reading this chapter, the student should be able to: 1. Recognize the various ways in which endodontic pathosis and systemic disease interact and some of the mechanisms…
Pathogenesis of Pulp and Periapical Diseases
Learning Objectives After reading this chapter, the student should be able to: 1. Describe the histology and physiology of the normal dental pulp. 2. Identify etiologic factors causing pulp inflammation….
Antimicrobial and physicochemical characterization of endodontic sealers after exposure to chlorhexidine digluconate
Highlights • Pulp canal sealer exerted the highest antibacterial activity. • Chlorhexidine increased the antibacterial activity of all sealers investigated. • BioRoot was the most affected sealer by CHX in…
Novel technique using cold atmospheric plasma coupled with air-polishing for the treatment of titanium discs grown with biofilm: An in-vitro study
Graphical abstract Highlights • Cold Atmospheric Plasma (CAP) is an emerging technology with a great potential in implant dentistry. • CAP is suitable for degrading oral biofilms formed in situ…
Formation of carbon-added anatase-rich TiO 2 layers on titanium and their antibacterial properties in visible light
Graphical abstract Highlights • Carbon-added anatase-rich TiO 2 layers were formed via two-step thermal oxidation. • TiO 2 layers showed antibacterial properties in visible light. • TiO 2 layers possessed…
Does implant surface hydrophilicity influence the maintenance of surface integrity after insertion into low-density artificial bone?
Highlights • Treatment to obtain superhydrophile surfaces increases surface roughness and area. • Insertion into low- density artificial bone tends to equalize surface roughness parameters. • Surface treatment affects the…
Nonlinear viscoelastic properties of human dentin under uniaxial tension
Abstract Objective Dentin is a viscoelastic tissue that contributes to the load distribution in human teeth and leads to their fracture resistance. Despite previous researches on the time-dependent behavior of…
Scattering and phase-contrast X-ray methods reveal damage to glass fibers in endodontic posts following dental bur trimming
Highlights • Dental Fiberglass posts are inadvertently damaged by the dentist during trimming. • Imaging with synchrotron X-ray refraction radiography reveals nanoscale fiber flaws. • Phase contrast-enhanced CT reveals μm…
Silane content influences physicochemical properties in nanostructured model composites
Highlights • Different ratios of an organosilane were tested on nanofilled composites. • Chemo-mechanical properties, hydrolytic stability and surface gloss were studied. • Physical challenge was induced by toothbrushing simulation…
Persistent inhibition of Candida albicansbiofilm and hyphae growth on titanium by graphene nanocoating
Graphical abstract Abstract Objectives Candida albicanscolonizes biomaterial surfaces and are highly resistant to therapeutics. Graphene nanocoating on titanium compromises initial biofilm formation. However, its sustained antibiofilm potential is unknown. The…
The use of bioactive glass (BAG) in dental composites: A critical review
Abstract Objective In recent years, numerous studies have analyzed the role of bioactive glass (BAG) as remineralizing additives in dental restorative composites. This current review provides a critical analysis of…
The effect of chlorhexidine and dimethyl sulfoxide on long-term sealing ability of two calcium silicate cements in root canal
Highlights • MTA and Biodentine exhibit similar immediate microleakage regardless of irrigant. • Biomineralization does not prevent the increase in leakage with hCSC materials. • The effect of irrigant on…
Behaviour of different bioactive glasses incorporated in polydimethylsiloxane endodontic sealer
Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to analyze the behavior of different bioactive glass fillers (BAGs) embedded in a polydimethylsiloxane matrix of an endodontic sealer. Methods Three different…
3D printing restorative materials using a stereolithographic technique: a systematic review
Graphical abstract Where and what restorative materials have being 3D printed using stereolithography-based technology Abstract Objective To present through a systematic review a qualitative analysis of studies published on stereolithography-based…
Physicochemical, biological, and antibacterial evaluation of tricalcium silicate-based reparative cements with different radiopacifiers
Highlights • Pure tricalcium silicate (TCS) and a radiopacifier may be used as repair material. • TCS with zirconium oxide, calcium tungstate or niobium oxide were evaluated. • These materials…
