Superior temporal line

Inferior temporal line

Zygomatic arch (laterally)

Infratemporal crest of greater wing of sphenoid (medially)

Frontal process of the zygoma

Zygomatic process of the frontal bone

Supramastoid crest

Posterior portion of superior temporal line (which arches inferiorly to the supramastoid crest)

Frontal

Greater wing of the sphenoid

Squamous part of the temporal

Parietal

Elevates mandible

Retrudes mandible (posterior fibers)

Aids in lateral excursion of the mandible

Within the substance of the parotid gland, it gives off a transverse facial a.

Emerges from the superior part of the parotid gland immediately posterior to the temporomandibular joint and anterior to the external auditory meatus

Passes superficially to the root of the zygomatic arch just anterior to the auriculotemporal n. and the auricle

Immediately superior to the root of the zygomatic arch, it gives rise to the middle temporal a. that pierces deep into the temporalis fascia and muscle

As it continues to pass superiorly, it divides into anterior and posterior branches

Pass between the skull and the temporalis m.

Supply the temporalis throughout their course

While ascending, they anastomose with the middle temporal a.

Begins at the vertex and lateral aspect of the skull

Forms a venous plexus along the scalp by communicating with the supraorbital, posterior auricular, occipital vv., and corresponding veins from the opposite side

Forms an anterior and a posterior branch of the superficial temporal v. that pass inferiorly immediately anterior to the artery

A middle temporal v. joins the superficial temporal before the vessel passes inferiorly to the root of the zygomatic arch

Enters the parotid gland, where it receives the transverse facial v.

Joins the maxillary v. to form the retromandibular v.

Arises deep within the temporalis m. and fascia

Within the temporalis m. and fascia, it anastomoses with the anterior and posterior deep temporal vessels

Joins the superficial temporal a. immediately before it passes inferiorly to the root of the zygomatic arch

Drain into the pterygoid plexus of veins

Also communicate with the middle temporal v.

The largest of the 3 divisions of the trigeminal n.

Created by a large sensory and small motor root that unite just after passing through the foramen ovale to enter the infratemporal fossa

Immediately gives rise to a meningeal branch and medial pterygoid branch before it divides into anterior and posterior divisions

The anterior division is smaller and mainly motor, with 1 sensory branch (buccal n.)

The posterior division is larger and mainly sensory, with 1 motor branch (mylohyoid n.)

Normally arises from 2 roots, between which the middle meningeal a. passes

Runs posteriorly just inferior to the lateral pterygoid and continues to the medial side of the neck of the mandible

While passing posteriorly to the mandible, it provides sensory innervation to the temporomandibular joint

Turns superiorly with the superficial temporal vessels between the auricle and the condyle of the mandible deep to the parotid gland

On exiting the substance of the parotid gland, it ascends over the zygomatic arch and divides into superficial temporal branches

Cross the zygomatic arch to the temporal region

Supply the muscles in the area, including the frontalis, anterior auricular, superior auricular, orbicularis oculi, procerus, and corrugator supercilii mm.

Arises from the zygomatic n. in the pterygopalatine fossa, and passes through the inferior orbital fissure to enter the lateral wall of the orbit and branches into the zygomaticotemporal and zygomaticofacial branches

Passes on the lateral wall of the orbit in a groove in the zygomatic bone, then through a foramen in the zygomatic bone to enter the temporal fossa region

Within the temporal fossa, it passes superiorly between the bone and the temporalis m. to pierce the temporal fascia superior to the zygomatic arch

Passes along the skin of the side of the scalp

Infratemporal surface of the greater wing of the sphenoid (with the foramen ovale and foramen spinosum)

Infratemporal surface of the temporal bone

Lateral pterygoid plate of the sphenoid (lateral surface)

Pyramidal process of the palatine bone

Styloid process

Condylar process of the mandible