Effect modification
In a previous article on confounding, we used a hypothetical prospective cohort study to demonstrate how sex might confound the effect of condylar fracture on the development of mandibular asymmetry….
Possibility, probability, and causation: A study of proximate causation
For any plaintiff to succeed in a malpractice suit, the courts require him or her to prove that the defendant had a duty to adhere to a particular standard of…
Three-dimensional evaluation of the pharyngeal airway volumes in patients affected by unilateral cleft lip and palate
Introduction Patients affected by cleft lip and palate often have complaints of snoring and respiratory difficulties during sleep. The purposes of this study were to evaluate nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, and total…
Differences in facial profile and dental esthetic perceptions between young adults and orthodontists
Introduction The principal aim of this study was to investigate differences in perception of soft-tissue facial profiles and dental esthetics between young Chinese adults and orthodontists. Methods Eight hundred ninety-two…
Microsatellite genome-wide association study for mandibular prognathism
Introduction Attempts have been made to identify susceptibility genes of mandibular prognathism by genome-wide linkage studies, but the results of susceptibility loci are inconsistent. There has been no genome-wide association…
Comparison of vacuum-formed and Hawley retainers: A systematic review
Introduction Hawley retainers (HRs) and vacuum-formed retainers (VFRs) are the 2 most commonly used retainers in orthodontics. However, the basis for selection of an appropriate retainer is still a matter…
Residents’ journal review
Timing of transverse arch expansion with fixed appliances Fleming PS, Lee RT, McDonald T, Pandis N, Johal A. The timing of significant arch dimensional changes with fixed orthodontic appliances: data…
Joint autonomy
Your last patient of the week is Teddy Rector, a quiet 12-year-old who is brought to you by his mother for an initial evaluation. Ms Rector communicates her dissatisfaction with…
Authors’ response
We agree that anterior open bite is frequently accompanied by transverse and sagittal discrepancies. In our case report, the patient did in fact have a bilateral posterior crossbite, as can…
Concern about selection of the subjects
We read with interest the article by Kandasamy et al in the October issue investigating the condylar position by magnetic resonance imaging after various bite position registrations, in an effort to…
