Contemporary “All-on-4” Concept

Restoration of the atrophic edentulous maxilla and mandible with implant retained prostheses has involved the use of axially placed implants in regions of the maxilla and mandible based on the adequate availability of bone, often using a staged surgical approaches. Anatomic limitations including pneumatized maxillary sinus, proximity of the inferior alveolar nerve and lack of available native bone have many clinicians performing traditional grafting procedure prior to implant placement. Utilization of the “All-on-4” concept has overcome these anatomic restrictions by allowing placement of 2 vertical and 2 angled implants in the premaxilla and anterior mandible. This technique has enabled immediate placement of full arch fixed restoration at the time of implant surgery if sufficient torque is achieved. It has biomechanical advantages including increasing in A-P spread, enhancing load distribution with cross arch stabilization, shorten cantilever, longer implants to be placed by titling them posteriorly, and maintenance of marginal bone height. High implant survival rates of in the maxilla (92.5-100%), in the mandible (93-100%) and restoration (99.2-100%) prove that the “All-on-4” concept is a viable treatment option for edentulous patients with atrophic alveolar ridges circumventing these traditional grafting procedures.

Key points

  • Two angled posterior implants when combined with 2 straight implants can have similar rates as traditional straight implants when splinted together using only anterior jaws.

  • Splinted implants along with full arch prosthesis are biomechanically sound with marginal bone height maintained with these implants.

  • Immediate load is possible when implants are torqued > 35 Ncm with full arch provisional prosthesis with one tooth cantilever maximum.

  • Final restoration can have 10–12 teeth for proper esthetics and function.

  • Medium (3–5 years) and long term data (5–10 years) have high degree of predictability (92%–100% success rate) utilizing the “All-on-4” concept by various authors.

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Oct 28, 2016 | Posted by in General Dentistry | Comments Off on Contemporary “All-on-4” Concept

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