Condylar hyperplasia is considered a rare pathology which is characterized by progressive facial asymmetry, defined as a non-neoplastic growth which affects both size and morphology of the mandibular condyle. With unknown etiology, its diagnosis is based on a meticulous clinical examination back up with accurate images ranging from traditional X-rays to bone scintigraphy, PET-SCAN and SPECT. The treatment of this pathology is the elimination of the condylar growth center and secondary correction of the structural deformities with procedures selected by severity, age and previous systemic condition. In this four cases report we discuss the management of patients with different clinical features who were treated in a multidisciplinary approach which includes, orthopedic treatment of the TMJ, orthodontics and surgery in 1 or 2 surgical events. Every patient had a clinical diagnosis plus an SPECT exam which supported the clinical findings. Patients were treated by an orthodontist and a TMJ specialist before the surgical treatment. Surgery included high condylectomy and articular disc repositioning as the primary objective in all the subjects and orthognathic surgery in the same surgical time when necessary. All of the patients showed no signs of recurrence, improvement in their mandibular dynamics, occlusal stability and no signs or symptoms of dysfunctional TMJ.

Conflict of interest: Main author is member of ICOMS Scientific Commission.