Recontouring of Incisal Edges
10.1055/b-0034-75546 Recontouring of Incisal Edges Recontouring of teeth includes additive as well as sub-tractive measures. Reshaping of teeth mostly benefits the visible aspect of the anterior teeth and is therefore…
Orthodontics
Practical Application of Self-Ligating Brackets
10.1055/b-0034-75542 Practical Application of Self-Ligating Brackets “Open the door, insert the archwire, close the door!” That is how simple the use of an SLB should be. However, this may be…
Management of Relapse
10.1055/b-0034-75551 Management of Relapse Interproximal Enamel Reduction (Stripping) Irregularity or mild crowding of the lower incisors can be treated with interproximal reduction (IPR) of the enamel, also known as “stripping”…
Archwire Shift
10.1055/b-0034-75543 Archwire Shift Slippery Archwires Low-friction systems allow shifting (swivelling) of the archwire, particularly if initially very thin wires are used during the leveling and alignment phase. This is a…
Biological Basis
10.1055/b-0034-75549 Biological Basis There is evidence that specific types of malocclusion are associated with particular relapse patterns. Independently of the original malocclusion and completed therapy, however, the following four general…
Direct and Indirect Bonding Techniques
10.1055/b-0034-75536 Direct and Indirect Bonding Techniques The following sections compare direct and indirect bonding techniques for self-ligating bracket systems. Indirect bonding has a number of distinct advantages for self-ligating systems,…
Interproximal Enamel Reduction (Stripping)
10.1055/b-0034-75545 Interproximal Enamel Reduction (Stripping) Space creation is an important part of orthodontic treatment. Interproximal enamel reduction is a long-established alternative treatment to extraction. A number of terms are used…
Positioning of Self-Ligating Brackets
10.1055/b-0034-75535 Positioning of Self-Ligating Brackets Positioning of self-ligating brackets can be facilitated by using special tools such as positioning tweezers and jigs. These can be obtained in a number of…
Positioning of Brackets
10.1055/b-0034-75533 Positioning of Brackets Successful treatment with the preadjusted appliance requires precise bracket placement in all three planes of space. Vertical Positioning There are numerous suggestions in the literature that…
Hygiene Approaches for Fixed-Appliance Treatment
10.1055/b-0034-75530 Hygiene Approaches for Fixed-Appliance Treatment Prophylactic Measures Bonding Oral hygiene is more difficult after fixed appliances have been fitted. Efforts to maintain a patient’s oral health should therefore start…
Standard Diagnostic Tools in Orthodontics
10.1055/b-0034-75525 Standard Diagnostic Tools in Orthodontics Standard orthodontic records may consist of study models, radiographs (orthopantomogram and lateral cephalo-gram, where indicated), as well as photographic records. Most of these records…
Basic Principles
10.1055/b-0034-75520 Basic Principles A large number of different self-ligating bracket (SLB) systems are available on the market today. The properties of an individual system depend on the materials used for…
Development of Self-Ligating Bracket Systems
10.1055/b-0034-75513 Development of Self-Ligating Bracket Systems The technique today uses metal or elastomeric ligatures to attach an archwire to a bracket. Ligating the archwire to the bracket slot in this…
Auxiliaries
10.1055/b-0034-75518 Auxiliaries Conventional brackets and archwires are not always able to achieve all the desired tooth movements, and auxiliaries are therefore often necessary in clinical practice. Modern bracket and archwire…
Expectations and Reality
10.1055/b-0034-75514 Expectations and Reality NOTE The most important advantages that self-ligating brackets are expected to provide are: Reduced friction Shorter overall treatment time Longer intervals between visits Reduced chairside time14…
Evaluation of soft-tissue changes in young adults treated with the Forsus fatigue-resistant device
Introduction This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the Forsus fatigue-resistant device (FRD) EZ2 appliance (3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif) on facial soft tissues by using images obtained from cephalometric…
Comparison of patient factors influencing the selection of an orthodontist, general dentist, or direct-to-consumer aligners
Introduction This study aimed to evaluate the factors that influence potential orthodontic patients choosing an orthodontist, general dentist, or direct-to-consumer (DTC) aligners for their treatment, and to determine the level…
