due to Root Canal Filling Procedures
Fig. 6.1 (a) Micro-computed tomography axial section of a tooth with the root canals filled. The material appears in black color and shows a good filling of the root canals….
Fig. 6.1 (a) Micro-computed tomography axial section of a tooth with the root canals filled. The material appears in black color and shows a good filling of the root canals….
Fig. 7.1 NaOCl extrusion (Courtesy of Dr. Daniel OTT) 7.2.2 Probable Aetiological Factors 1. Wide apical foramina 2. If the apical constriction is destroyed probably during root canal instrumentation…
Medical/Dental history Past/recent treatment, drugs Chief complaint (if any) How long, symptoms, duration of pain, location, onset, stimuli, relief, referred, medications Clinical exam Facial symmetry, sinus tract, soft tissue, periodontal…
Fig. 2.1 Periapical radiographic images obtained by intraoral solid-state sensors, used for diagnosis, odontometry, and follow-up 2.2 Digital Radiography Digital intraoral receptors have several advantages compared to conventional film-based imaging,…
Fig. 3.1 Indirect view of palate where 4% articaine with 1:80,000 adrenaline was administered. Sloughing following vasoconstrictor induced ischemia is a more likely reason than the anesthetic per se When…
Fig. 11.1 (a, b) Male patient, 70 years old, no systemic problem, strong attrition, secondary dentine formation and calcifications in pulp chamber, and vertical dimensional loss. This sort of clinical…
Poorer prognosis Better prognosis Secondary infection Primary infection Long-standing infection Presence of fistulae No historical or current oral/endodontic communication Lack of coronal seal/insufficient residual tooth structure Sufficient tooth structure…
Fractured instrument (can it be bypassed?) Yes No (consider the location) Continue biomechanical preparation. Do not attempt to remove the fractured part of the instrument Apical third Middle/coronal third …
Fig. 9.1 Gingival recession following intrasulcular incision in the area of maxillary central incisor (PFM crown) Separation of the wound margins may occur within the first week after surgery. This…
Classification SBP (mmHg) DBP (mmHg) Normal <120 and <80 Prehypertension 120–139 or 80–89 Stage 1 hypertension 140–159 or 90–99 Stage 2 hypertension ≥160 ≥100 SBP systolic blood pressure; DBP diastolic…
Incompletely Developed Apices Nathaniel T. Nicholson Learning Objectives To understand the procedures of apexogenesis, apexification, apical barrier technique, and revascularization. To understand when to utilize these procedures in managing incompletely…
Diagnostic Case II:Exploratory Surgery: Repairing Incomplete Fracture Keivan Zoufan, Takashi Komabayashi, and Qiang Zhu Learning Objectives To understand endodontic diagnoses. To understand the etiologic factors of endodontic pathosis. To understand…
Non-surgical Root Canal Treatment Case VII:Maxillary Molar/Four Canals (MB1, MB2, DB, P) Khaled Seifelnasr Learning Objectives To identify normal anatomy for the maxillary 1st and 2nd molars. To identify and…
Perio–Endo Interrelationships Abdullah Alqaied and Maobin Yang Learning Objectives To describe major pathways of communication between the pulp and periodontal tissue, and to identify possible etiologies for perio–endo lesions. To…
Non-surgical Re-treatment Case III:Mandibular Molar Bruce Y. Cha Learning Objectives To be able to formulate a correct endodontic diagnosis and optimal treatment plan from clinical assessment and radiographs. To describe…
Non-surgical Root Canal Treatment Case II:Mandibular Anterior Jessica Russo Revand and John M. Russo Learning Objectives To understand the particular challenges posed by endodontic treatment of mandibular incisors and optimal…
Non-surgical Root Canal Treatment Case III:Maxillary Anterior/Difficult case (Calcified Coronal ½ Canal System) Andrew L. Shur Learning Objectives To identify certain preoperative complicating factors that may negatively affect the final…
Non-surgical Root Canal Treatment Case I:Maxillary Anterior Denise Foran Learning Objectives To describe anatomic variations of the maxillary anterior teeth. To understand the elements of performing a clinical endodontic workup…
Traumatic Injuries:Avulsed and Root-Fractured Maxillary Central Incisor Bill Kahler and Louis M. Lin Learning Objectives To understand how to provide appropriate emergency care immediately following dental trauma, including diagnosis and…
External/Internal Resorption Keivan Zoufan, Takashi Komabayashi, and Qiang Zhu Learning Objectives To understand the classifications of tooth resorption. To understand the etiology of tooth resorption. To understand the treatment of…