Arch traits that differentiate maxillary from mandibular premolars
SECTION III ARCH TRAITS THAT DIFFERENTIATE MAXILLARY FROM MANDIBULAR PREMOLARS Refer to Appendix page 6 while reading about differences between maxillary and mandibular premolars. In the same mouth, maxillary first…
Arch traits that differentiate maxillary from mandibular molars
SECTION III ARCH TRAITS THAT DIFFERENTIATE MAXILLARY FROM MANDIBULAR MOLARS Compare extracted maxillary and mandibular molars and/or tooth models while reading about these differentiating arch traits. Also refer to page…
Periodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
Chapter 2 Periodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease Nagore Ambrosio and Bruno G. Loos 2.1 Introduction This chapter describes the relationship of periodontal disease and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD). Periodontal disease…
Periodontitis and neurodegenerative diseases
Chapter 9 Periodontitis and neurodegenerative diseases Tanya Cerajewska, Shelley Allen-Birt and Nicola West 9.1 Introduction Many neurodegenerative diseases cause progressive deterioration in specific areas of the nervous system. This affects…
Periodontitis, pregnancy and fertility
Chapter 7 Periodontitis, pregnancy and fertility Yiorgos A. Bobetsis and Phoebus N. Madianos 7.1 Introduction Pregnancy is a unique period during a woman’s life. Throughout this period many changes take…
Periodontitis and malignancy
Chapter 8 Periodontitis and malignancy Jon H. Higham and Frank Scannapieco 8.1 Introduction Epidemiological studies have established an association between malignancy and exposure to chronic infection and aberrant immune response…
Periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis
Chapter 5 Periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis Isabel Lopez-Oliva and Mark Bartold 5.1 Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis are both chronic inflammatory diseases characterised by an exacerbated immune-inflammatory reaction that…
Periodontitis and inflammatory bowel disease
Chapter 4 Periodontitis and inflammatory bowel disease Hélène Rangé and Philippe Bouchard 4.1 Introduction The term inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is used to describe two major types of disease: Crohn…
Periodontitis and autoimmunity
Chapter 11 Periodontitis and autoimmunity Josefine Hirschfeld and Iain L.C. Chapple 11.1 Introduction The immune system consists of an innate and an adaptive arm and comprises different cell types as…
Periodontitis and chronic kidney disease
Chapter 3 Periodontitis and chronic kidney disease Praveen Sharma and Francesco D’Aiuto 3.1 Introduction Chronic kidney disease (CKD) arises from abnormalities in the structure and/or function of the kidneys, present…
Periodontitis, stress and depression
Chapter 10 Periodontitis, stress and depression Alkisti Zekeridou and Catherine Giannopoulou 10.1 Introduction Periodontitis is a multifactorial inflammatory disease that destroys the supporting tissues of the teeth. The disease is…
Periodontitis, obesity and diabetes mellitus
Chapter 1 Periodontitis, obesity and diabetes mellitus Bruno S. Herrera and Filippo Graziani 1.1 Introduction In the last two decades, researchers have looked more deeply into the association of periodontitis…
Periodontitis and respiratory diseases
Chapter 6 Periodontitis and respiratory diseases Lewis Winning and Gerard J. Linden 6.1 Introduction ‘Respiratory disease’ describes a broad range of pathological conditions that affect the respiratory system including chronic…
