Keystone Flap
Key points • The keystone flap is a random pattern multiperforator-based island advancement flap. • Perforator-based island flaps derive their blood supply from 1 or multiple vascular perforating branches that…
Rhomboid Flap
Key points • The rhomboid flap is a workhorse flap for reconstruction of facial and head and neck defects based on the transposition flap design. • The rhomboid excision (60°…
Paramedian Forehead Flap
Key points • The paramedian forehead flap is a reliable flap for reconstruction of extensive nasal defects. • The flap can be completed in 1, 2, or 3 stages depending…
Glabellar Flaps for Reconstruction of Skin Defects
Key points • The glabellar flap can easily be performed, using local skin that is of similar structure, texture, consistency, and color to that of the defect. • Glabellar area…
Bilobed Flaps
Key points • Bilobed flaps are excellent local reconstructive options for nasal dorsum, tip, and sidewall defects. • The bilobed flap can be applied to other areas of the face…
The Facial Skin Defect
Key points • Reconstruction of facial skin defects regardless of cause has important psychosocial implications, and multiple factors must be considered when choosing the final reconstructive plan. • Photography is…
Cervicofacial Flap
Key points • The cervicofacial flap is a random pattern flap. • The flap can be anteriorly or posteriorly based. • The cervicofacial flap is an excellent option for medium-…
The Nasolabial Flap
Key points • This article highlights the history, applications, and versatility of the nasolabial flap. • Variations of flap design, harvest, and inset are described. • The reader is presented…
Orthodontic treatment for a patient with anterior open bite and severe condylar resorption
A 23-year-old woman with condylar resorption and a skeletal Class II pattern and anterior open bite were treated with 4 premolar extractions and temporary skeletal anchorage devices in both maxillary…
Long-term stability of a Class III malocclusion with severe anterior open bite and bilateral posterior crossbite in a hyperdivergent patient
Anterior open bite malocclusion is generally associated with several causes. This case report describes the 2-phase treatment of a 13-year-old boy with a Class III malocclusion, severe anterior open bite,…
Facial growth changes in a Colombian Mestizo population: An 18-year follow-up longitudinal study using linear mixed models
Introduction Currently, a standard of reference for longitudinal facial growth parameters for South American mestizos is lacking. Therefore, in this study, we describe an 18-year follow-up of craniofacial growth from…
Effect of force direction and tooth angulation during traction of palatally impacted canines: A finite element analysis
Introduction Treatment of a palatally impacted canine (PIC) is associated with demanding anchorage control, increased treatment duration, and undesirable side effects. Accurate PIC localization and force application impact treatment success….
Effects of Twin-block vs sagittal-guidance Twin-block appliance on alveolar bone around mandibular incisors in growing patients with Class II Division 1 malocclusion
Introduction The purpose of this study was to comparatively evaluate the effects of Twin-block (TB) appliance and sagittal-guidance Twin-block (SGTB) appliance on alveolar bone around mandibular incisors in growing patients…
Short-term effects of fixed orthodontic appliance on concentrations of mutans streptococci and persister cells in adolescents
Introduction Orthodontic patients are at an increased risk for developing caries. Dental caries is a biofilm-mediated disease, with mutans streptococci (MS) as the primary etiologic bacterial group. It has been…
Accuracy of digital light processing printing of 3-dimensional dental models
Introduction This study aimed to investigate whether a digital light processing (DLP) printer could perform efficiently and with adequate accuracy for clinical applications when used with different settings and variations…
Force degradation of orthodontic latex elastics analyzed in vivo and in vitro
Introduction The objective of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of force degradation of latex elastics of 10 kinds of elastics over 48 hours, both in vivo and in vitro. Methods For…
The effect of micro-osteoperforations on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Introduction Minimally invasive micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) look promising for a routine acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). The objective of this research was to systematically evaluate evidence regarding the effects of…
The importance of careful selection between fixed-effect and random-effects models
Implementation of a fixed-effect model implies that 2 conditions are met. First, we are confident about the similarity of all studies included in the meta-analysis (clinical homogeneity in terms of…
Effect of maxillary incisors, lower lip, and gingival display relationship on smile attractiveness
Introduction This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the relationship between maxillary incisors and lower lip in conjunction with the maxillary gingival display on perception of smile attractiveness. Methods…
