Tooth sensitivity is a common problem affecting millions and millions of people globally. If you have ever experienced that sudden sharp stab when eating something cold or hot you are not alone. This condition is known as dentin hypersensitivity or tooth sensitivity. It ranges from mild discomfort to the most excruciating pain, making it impossible to enjoy those mouth-watering dishes and drinks one would love to have. So what causes this, and what can be done about it? Knowing the basis for the conditions and symptoms of sensitive teeth and learning how to treat them can make one more comfortable and help protect oral health.

 What Is Tooth Sensitivity?

Tooth sensitivity happens when the protective layer of enamel wears out, becoming damaged and exposing the underlying dentin. Tiny canals (microscopic tubules) in the dentin lead to the nerve endings of the tooth. When that dentin is exposed to external stimuli such as hot, cold, sweet, or acidic foods and beverages, pain or discomfort is felt in the tooth as it introduces itself into the nerve ending that resides within the tooth. The pain, this time, is mostly short-lived, though it is sometimes severe. However, there are times when such sensitivity is not evident, still, it is better to take precautions early.

Common Causes of Tooth Sensitivity

Enamel Erosion

Enamel is a hard outer layer of teeth- the protective shield on the teeth. It wears over time from various factors such as not brushing regularly or well, acidic food and drinks, and aging. The ever-thinning enamel exposes the soft dentin underneath, making teeth more sensitive.

Acidic foods such as citrus fruits, sodas, and vinegar slowly eat away at the enamel. The same applies here: brushing one’s teeth too vigorously or using a hard-bristled toothbrush will wear down the enamel, especially along the gumline. This can cause sensitivity when eating or drinking anything hot, cold, or sweet.

Gum Recession

Gums recede as they pull away from the tooth, exposing the sensitive roots. Sensitivity occurs because the roots are now exposed and no longer protected by enamel. This means biting or consuming hot, cold, or acidic foods may bring pain to these roots.

Gum recession can be caused either by gum diseases like periodontitis, improper oral hygiene, smoking, teeth grinding, or attrition. Receding gums can cause severe problems in the oral cavity when not treated.

Tooth Decay and Cavities

The major cause of tooth sensitivity is cavities or decay. The breakdown of sugars from food by bacteria in the mouth creates acids. These acids can eat their way through the enamel, creating holes or cavities in teeth. As the condition advances, it can expose the dentin, which tends to cause sensitivity. Cavity formations can also develop in many places where there is plaque build-up like in between teeth and along the gum line. Teeth brushing, flossing, and regular dental visits are essential for preventing tooth decay and its resulting sensitivity.

Bruxism (Teeth Grinding)

Most people grind their teeth during sleep, which is clinically termed “bruxism.” It entails clenching or grinding teeth into one another—the result can be positional wear and sensitivity of teeth. Such action over time leads to repeated pressure, stress-shattered chipped teeth that expose dentin leading to sensitivity. If you suspect bruxism, seeking professional help would be necessary to understand how to protect your teeth against any damage and to improve their sensitivities.

Whitening Products

Tooth whitening products, like gels and toothpaste, may give the desired effect but in some people, it’s exactly the opposite. All these products work by eliminating the stains and coloration that settle on the enamel. These can probably expose the dentin from the outside temporarily, leading nerves inside the teeth to irritate. If whitening products give you that feeling of sensitivity, why not cut down the usage or even consider using milder options?

Dental Procedures

Some dental procedures like fillings, crowning, or cleaning can temporarily make your tooth sensitive. This often happens after a thorough cleaning or after filling replacement. The sensitivity subsides as the teeth heal, but sometimes it will remain if dentin has been exposed during the procedure. If after the dental procedure, sensitivity occurs, consult a dentist about such an issue, so that complications may be ruled out, for example, incorrect filling or infection.

Symptoms of Tooth Sensitivity

Tooth sensitivity mostly manifests as discomfort or shooting pain in the teeth and is a common occurrence following exposure to certain stimuli. This can include:

• Hot or cold foods and beverages: Sensitivity is often more evident when one is consuming a cold drink or engaging in activities that involve eating hot food.
• Sweet or acidic foods: Discomfort can also be caused by sweet food items such as candies or soft drinks and citrus fruits.
• Brushing or flossing: According to Mayo Clinic,certain individuals are sensitive during the process of brushing or flossing, especially over the gum regions.

In most cases, the pain is brief although the levels may be higher than expected. Persisting or worsening sensitivity in such cases will always require an emergency appointment with a dentist since there might also be other problems in the dental structure.

When to See a Dentist

When tooth sensitivity is severe and lasts for a long time or is accompanied by swelling, bleeding gums, or any pain, my dentist in Bothell recommends a dental visit near you. A dentist will make a diagnosis and suggest the relevant treatment method that would treat the symptoms and help keep your oral health in good shape.

Final Remarks

Tooth sensitivity is annoying and painful but treatable; it can be treated with the correct procedure. Learning about tooth sensitivity and its causes and symptoms can help prevent and relieve discomfort. Good oral hygiene, use of desensitizing products, and visits to the dentist can prevent damage to the teeth and promote overall oral health by getting in early. Don’t shy away from discussions with your dentist about the best solution if tooth sensitivity is an issue.

Stay updated, free dental videos. Join our Telegram channel

Join