Introduction: Implants have evolved to a rapidly growing technique for replace the missing teeth. The total number of implants being placed has increased significantly over the years, as the prevalence of complications. In oral implantology, the most serious complications and those most frequently described in the literature occur during surgery. They may result from inadequate planning, overworking of the implant bed, contamination of the implant by incorrect manipulation or mishandling; by poor implant orientation, or by the surgical procedure itself, which is not without risk. The author provides a detailed analysis of the etiology, prevention and treatment of specific complications.

Patients and methods: This study includes a retrospective review on patients referred for some complication due to implant placement, loading or pre-surgical grafting techniques. The patients were evaluated and baseline data collected.

Results: A spectrum of surgical implant complication is reported. Clinical data, as data related to etiology, diagnosis and treatment planning were collected. According to the complication patients were treated with appropriate surgery. A detailed analysis of the etiology, prevention and treatment of specific complications is reported.

Conclusion: There are several reasons for the increased number of implant complications in the last years. Intraoperative complications may be related with surgery such as hemorrhage, neurosensory alterations, damage to adjacent teeth and mandibular fractures. Otherwise complications may be associated with implant placement such as absence of primary stability, fenestration or displacement into maxillary sinus. Knowledge, learning, and experience are paramount to reducing the number and the severity of implants surgical complications.

Conflict of interest: None declared.