Introduction
Identification of highly cited articles based on the h-index and its properties is important for the evaluation of the past, present, and future of any research discipline. In this study, we aimed to identify the h-classic articles in orthodontics.
Methods
One search on the Web of Science identified all articles from 2000 to 2015 in the 89 journals indexed by the 2015 InCites Journal Citation Reports in the scientific area “dentistry, oral surgery, and medicine.” A second search was performed in the Web of Science using all mesh terms related to orthodontics. Then, we applied the h-classic method to select the recent articles with the greatest scientific impact in orthodontics.
Results
Eighty articles were considered as h-classic articles. They were published in 20 of the 89 dental journals of the 2015 InCites Journal Citation Reports list. Only 36 articles appeared in orthodontic journals: 23 in the American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics (28.8%), 7 in The Angle Orthodontist (8.8%), and 6 in European Journal of Orthodontics (7.5%). Thirty-eight articles originated from Europe, 28 from the Americas, and 14 from the Middle East and Asia.
Conclusions
More than half of fundamental orthodontic research is published in nonorthodontic journals showing that our field is currently limited, and interactions with other research fields should be sought to increase orthodontic research importance and appeal.
Highlights
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The h-index measures an article’s or author’s productivity and citation impact.
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The 80 most cited orthodontic articles were identified as h-classics.
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More than 25% of the orthodontic h-classics originated from U.S. universities.
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Scandinavian countries accounted for a third of the articles from Europe.
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Fewer than half of the orthodontic h-classics were published in orthodontic journals.
Orthodontic research has evolved and continues to evolve throughout time. Many studies have attempted to address the qualitative aspects of this progress, focusing on qualitative and quantitative analyses of the published output. The articles with the greatest impact in a given scientific area are termed “citation classics.” Such studies identify the highly cited articles setting thresholds of citations received, such as the 100 most cited cleft lip and palate-related articles, the 100 most cited articles in periodontology, or the 50 most cited articles in dentistry and medicine in general. In orthodontics, Hui et al published a study with the 100 most cited articles in orthodontics.
Arbitrary thresholds, however, take no account of the variability among research areas in the number of highly influential articles or the fact that the achievement of many hundreds of citations may be commonplace in some areas and difficult to attain in others. To overcome this, Martinez et al suggested the selection of classic articles based on the h-index proposed by Hirsch and the h-core concept. De la Flor-Martinez et al further applied this method to identify classic articles in implant dentistry, periodontics, and oral surgery. There is no relevant information for h-classics in orthodontics. Despite the scarce attempts in evaluating articles with a significant impact in the orthodontic community, there is no previous evaluation of the “citation classics” for orthodontics using objective methodology. The aim of this article was to identify the classic articles in orthodontics using the h-classic method.
Material and methods
We applied the method of Martinez et al to identify recent articles with a great impact on the scientific community in orthodontics. One search was performed using the Web of Science and included all publications in all databases (Web of Science Core Collection, KCI-Korean Journal Database, MEDLINE, BioSIS Citation Index, and SciELO Citation Index) from 2000 to 2015 in the 89 journals indexed by the 2015 InCites Journal Citation Reports in the scientific area “dentistry, oral surgery, and medicine.” This was performed using the advanced search of Web of Science and applying the command WC = dentistry, oral surgery, and medicine which corresponds to this category (WC = Web of Science Category). A second search was performed in the same databases of the Web of Science platform as above for the same period using all mesh terms related to orthodontics provided by the United States National Library of Medicine ( https://meshb-nlm-nih-gov.easyaccess1.lib.cuhk.edu.hk/#/record/ui?ui=D009970 ).
Specifically, the search was as follows, using the command topic search (TS):
TS = ([mandibular advancement] OR [orthodontic anchorage procedures] OR [orthodontic appliance design] OR [orthodontic appliances] OR [occlusal splints] OR [orthodontic appliances, functional] OR [activator appliances] OR [orthodontic appliances, removable] OR [activator appliances] OR [extraoral traction appliances] OR [orthodontic brackets] OR [orthodontic retainers] OR [orthodontic wires] OR [orthodontics, corrective] OR [crown lengthening] OR [occlusal adjustment] OR [orthodontic extrusion] OR [orthodontic space closure] OR [palatal expansion technique] OR [tooth movement] OR [orthodontics, interceptive] OR [serial extraction] OR [orthodontics, preventive] OR [space maintenance]).
Then, using the AND command, the results of the 2 lists were combined to find the articles in common. The articles appearing in the final list were sorted according to their citations to compute the h-index. Applying the h-index calculation on this list gave the h-core articles of this scientific area. The h-index calculated for orthodontics was 80, as defined by Hirsch. The cutoff for the number of citations required to be considered as h-classics was 81. The h-core articles were identified, and the resources concerning those articles retrieved by the Web of Science platform (authors, publication year, journal, document type, number of citations, institution) were classified and analyzed. The reprint address was retrieved to identify the origin of the article, and we further analyzed the authors’ affiliations.
Results
For the h-classic articles, the first search in the 89 journals of the 2015 InCites Journal Citation Reports list resulted in a total of 130,812 hits, and the second search in the Web of Science database using mesh terms related to orthodontics retrieved 17,128. Combining the 2 searches produced a final result of 8167, which were the common articles of the 2 searches. The h-index of these articles was 80; consequently, the 80 most cited articles were identified as the h-classics ( Table I ).
| Rank | Times cited | Title | Publication type |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 274 | Cardaropoli G, Araujo M, Lindhe J. Dynamics of bone tissue formation in tooth extraction sites—an experimental study in dogs. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 2003;30:809-18. | Article |
| 2 | 221 | Park HS, Jeong SH, Kwon OW. Factors affecting the clinical success of screw implants used as orthodontic anchorage. American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics 2006;130:18-25. | Article |
| 3 | 200 | Matinlinna JP, Lassila LV, Ozcan M, Yli-Urpo A, Vallittu PK. An introduction to silanes and their clinical applications in dentistry. International Journal of Prosthodontics 2004;17:155-64. | Review |
| 4 | 200 | Hermann JS, Schoolfield JD, Schenk RK, Buser D, Cochran DL. Influence of the size of the microgap on crestal bone changes around titanium implants. A histometric evaluation of unloaded non-submerged implants in the canine mandible. Journal of Periodontology 2001;72:1372-83. | |
| 5 | 196 | Liou EJ, Pai BC, Lin JC. Do miniscrews remain stationary under orthodontic forces? American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics 2004;126:42-7. | Review |
| 6 | 188 | Lavigne GJ, Kato T, Kolta A, Sessle BJ. Neurobiological mechanisms involved in sleep bruxism. Critical Reviews in Oral Biology and Medicine 2003;14:30-46. | Article |
| 7 | 174 | Yukna RA, Mellonig JT. Histologic evaluation of periodontal healing in humans following regenerative therapy with enamel matrix derivative. A 10-case series. Journal of Periodontology 2000;71:752-9. | Article |
| 8 | 172 | Lavigne GJ, Khoury S, Abe S, Yamaguchi T, Raphael K. Bruxism physiology and pathology: an overview for clinicians. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 2008;35:476-94. | Review |
| 9 | 171 | Kuroda S, Sugawara Y, Deguchi T, Kyung HM, Takano-Yamamoto T. Clinical use of miniscrew implants as orthodontic anchorage: success rates and postoperative discomfort. American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics 2007;131:9-15. | Review |
| 10 | 170 | Ausiello P, Apicella A, Davidson CL. Effect of adhesive layer properties on stress distribution in composite restorations—a 3D finite element analysis. Dental Materials 2002;18:295-303. | Review |
| 11 | 167 | Lobbezoo F, Naeije M. Bruxism is mainly regulated centrally, not peripherally. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 2001;28:1085-91. | Article |
| 12 | 163 | Wise GE, King GJ. Mechanisms of tooth eruption and orthodontic tooth movement. Journal of Dental Research 2008;87:414-34. | Article |
| 13 | 159 | Bosshardt DD. Are cementoblasts a subpopulation of osteoblasts or a unique phenotype? Journal of Dental Research 2005;84:390-406. | Review |
| 14 | 151 | Bishara SE, VonWald L, Laffoon JF, Warren JJ. Effect of a self-etch primer/adhesive on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets. American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics 2001;119:621-4. | Article |
| 15 | 149 | Ren YJ, Maltha JC, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM. Optimum force magnitude for orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic literature review. Angle Orthodontist 2003;73:86-92. | Systematic review |
| 16 | 144 | Ohmae M, Saito S, Morohashi T, Seki K, Qu H, Kanomi R, et al. A clinical and histological evaluation of titanium mini-implants as anchors for orthodontic intrusion in the beagle dog. American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics 2001;119:489-97. | Article |
| 17 | 143 | Cattaneo PM, Dalstra M, Melsen B. The finite element method: a tool to study orthodontic tooth movement. Journal of Dental Research 2005;84:428-33. | Article |
| 18 | 139 | Wilcko WM, Wilcko T, Bouquot JE, Ferguson DJ. Rapid orthodontics with alveolar reshaping: two case reports of decrowding. International Journal of Periodontics & Restorative Dentistry 2001;21:9-19. | Article |
| 19 | 136 | Kanzaki H, Chiba M, Shimizu Y, Mitani H. Dual regulation of osteoclast differentiation by periodontal ligament cells through RANKL stimulation and OPG inhibition. Journal of Dental Research 2001;80:887-91. | Article |
| 20 | 133 | Meikle MC. The tissue, cellular, and molecular regulation of orthodontic tooth movement: 100 years after Carl Sandstedt. European Journal of Orthodontics 2006;28:221-40. | Article |
| 21 | 133 | Watts DC, Marouf AS, Al-Hindi AM. Photo-polymerization shrinkage-stress kinetics in resin-composites: methods development. Dental Materials 2003;19:1-11. | Article |
| 22 | 130 | Brezniak N, Wasserstein A. Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption. Part I: the basic science aspects. Angle Orthodontist 2002;72:175-9. | Review |
| 23 | 129 | Panula K, Finne K, Oikarinen K. Incidence of complications and problems related to orthognathic surgery: a review of 655 patients. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2001;59:1128-36. | Article |
| 24 | 128 | Faccioni F, Franceschetti P, Cerpelloni M, Fracasso ME. In vivo study on metal release from fixed orthodontic appliances and DNA damage in oral mucosa cells. American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics 2003;124:687-93. | Article |
| 25 | 127 | Vallittu PK, Sevelius C. Resin-bonded, glass fiber-reinforced composite fixed partial dentures: a clinical study. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 2000;84:413-8. | Review |
| 26 | 125 | Sameshima GT, Sinclair PM. Predicting and preventing root resorption: Part I. Diagnostic factors. American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics 2001;119:505-10. | Article |
| 27 | 117 | Lorenzoni M, Pertl C, Zhang KH, Wimmer G, Wegscheider WA. Immediate loading of single-tooth implants in the anterior maxilla. Preliminary results after one year. Clinical Oral Implants Research 2003;14:180-7. | Article |
| 28 | 117 | Freudenthaler JW, Haas R, Bantleon HP. Bicortical titanium screws for critical orthodontic anchorage in the mandible: a preliminary report on clinical applications. Clinical Oral Implants Research 2001;12:358-63. | Review |
| 29 | 116 | Sameshima GT, Sinclair PM. Predicting and preventing root resorption: part II. Treatment factors. American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics 2001;119:511-5. | Article |
| 30 | 115 | Palin WM, Fleming GJ, Nathwani H, Burke FJ, Randall RC. In vitro cuspal deflection and microleakage of maxillary premolars restored with novel low-shrink dental composites. Dental Materials 2005;21:324-35. | Article |
| 31 | 113 | Buchter A, Wiechmann D, Koerdt S, Wiesmann HP, Piffko J, Meyer U. Load-related implant reaction of mini-implants used for orthodontic anchorage. Clinical Oral Implants Research 2005;16:473-9. | Article |
| 32 | 112 | Geurtsen W. Biocompatibility of dental casting alloys. Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine 2002;13:71-84. | Article |
| 33 | 107 | Herford AS, Boyne PJ. Reconstruction of mandibular continuity defects with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2008;66:616-24. | Article |
| 34 | 107 | Alhashimi N, Frithiof L, Brudvik P, Bakhiet M. Orthodontic tooth movement and de novo synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines. American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics 2001;119:307-12. | Article |
| 35 | 106 | Eliades T, Athanasiou AE. In vivo aging of orthodontic alloys: implications for corrosion potential, nickel release, and biocompatibility. Angle Orthodontist 2002;72:222-37. | Article |
| 36 | 106 | Melsen B, Lang NP. Biological reactions of alveolar bone to orthodontic loading of oral implants. Clinical Oral Implants Research 2001;12:144-52. | Article |
| 37 | 105 | Erdinc AM, Dincer B. Perception of pain during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. European Journal of Orthodontics 2004;26:79-85. | Article |
| 38 | 105 | Pullinger AG, Seligman DA. Quantification and validation of predictive values of occlusal variables in temporomandibular disorders using a multifactorial analysis. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 2000;83:66-75. | Article |
| 39 | 104 | Ludlow JB, Laster WS, See M, Bailey LT, Hershey HG. Accuracy of measurements of mandibular anatomy in cone beam computed tomography images. Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology Oral Radiology and Endodontology 2007;103:534-42. | Article |
| 40 | 104 | Huja SS, Litsky AS, Beck FM, Johnson KA, Larsen PE. Pull-out strength of monocortical screws placed in the maxillae and mandibles of dogs. American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics 2005;127:307-13. | Article |
| 41 | 102 | Garib DG, Henriques JFC, Janson G, Freitas MR, Coelho RA. Rapid maxillary expansion-tooth tissue-borne versus tooth-borne expanders: a computed tomography evaluation of dentaloskeletal effects. Angle Orthodontist 2005;75:548-57. | Article |
| 42 | 101 | van Noort R. The future of dental devices is digital. Dental Materials 2012;28:3-12. | Article |
| 43 | 101 | Chersoni S, Suppa P, Grandini S, Goracci C, Monticelli F, Yiu C, et al. In vivo and in vitro permeability of one-step self-etch adhesives. Journal of Dental Research 2004;83:459-64. | Article |
| 44 | 100 | Okay DJ, Genden E, Buchbinder D, Urken M. Prosthodontic guidelines for surgical reconstruction of the maxilla: a classification system of defects. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 2001;86:352-63. | Review |
| 45 | 98 | Weltman B, Vig KW, Fields HW, Shanker S, Kaizar EE. Root resorption associated with orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review. American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics 2010;137:462-76. | Article |
| 46 | 97 | McCulloch CA, Lekic P, McKee MD. Role of physical forces in regulating the form and function of the periodontal ligament. Periodontology 2000 2000;24:56-72. | Article |
| 47 | 93 | Koolstra JH. Dynamics of the human masticatory system. Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine 2002;13:366-76. | Article |
| 48 | 92 | Kim JW, Ahn SJ, Chang YI. Histomorphometric and mechanical analyses of the drill-free screw as orthodontic anchorage. American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics 2005;128:190-4. | Article |
| 49 | 92 | Park HS, Lee SK, Kwon OW. Group distal movement of teeth using microscrew implant anchorage. Angle Orthodontist 2005;75:602-9. | Article |
| 50 | 92 | Fathi MH, Salehi M, Saatchi A, Mortazavi V, Moosavi SB. In vitro corrosion behavior of bioceramic, metallic, and bioceramic-metallic coated stainless steel dental implants. Dental Materials 2003;19:188-98. | Review |
| 51 | 91 | Ren YJ, Maltha JC, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM. The rat as a model for orthodontic tooth movement—a critical review and a proposed solution. European Journal of Orthodontics 2004;26:483-90. | Review |
| 52 | 90 | Garlet TP, Coelho U, Silva JS, Garlet GP. Cytokine expression pattern in compression and tension sides of the periodontal ligament during orthodontic tooth movement in humans. European Journal of Oral Sciences 2007;115:355-62. | Article |
| 53 | 90 | O’Brien K, Wright J, Conboy F, Sanjie Y, Mandall N, Chadwick S, et al. Effectiveness of early orthodontic treatment with the Twin-block appliance: a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. Part 1: dental and skeletal effects. American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics 2003;124:234-43. | Review |
| 54 | 90 | Oh TJ, Meraw SJ, William EJ, Giannobile WV, Wang HL. Comparative analysis of collagen membranes for the treatment of implant dehiscence defects. Clinical Oral Implants Research 2003;14:80-90. | Review |
| 55 | 89 | Lappin DF, Kjeldsen M, Sander L, Kinane DF. Inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in periodontitis. Journal of Periodontal Research 2000;35:369-73. | Article |
| 56 | 88 | Sugawara J, Daimaruya T, Umemori M, Nagasaka H, Takahashi I, Kawamura H, et al. Distal movement of mandibular molars in adult patients with the skeletal anchorage system. American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics 2004;125:130-8. | Article |
| 57 | 88 | Tantbirojn D, Versluis A, Pintado MR, DeLong R, Douglas WH. Tooth deformation patterns in molars after composite restoration. Dental Materials 2004;20:535-42. | Article |
| 58 | 88 | Sherwood KH, Burch JG, Thompson WJ. Closing anterior open bites by intruding molars with titanium miniplate anchorage. American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics 2002;122:593-600. | Article |
| 59 | 87 | List T, Axelsson S. Management of TMD: evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 2010;37:430-51. | Article |
| 60 | 87 | Koudstaal MJ, Poort LJ, van der Wal KG, Wolvius EB, Prahl-Andersen B, Schulten AJ. Surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME): a review of the literature. International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2005;34:709-14. | Review |
| 61 | 87 | Egermark I, Magnusson T, Carlsson GE. A 20-year follow-up of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders and malocclusions in subjects with and without orthodontic treatment in childhood. Angle Orthodontist 2003;73:109-15. | Review |
| 62 | 87 | Kato T, Thie NM, Huynh N, Miyawaki S, Lavigne GJ. Topical review: sleep bruxism and the role of peripheral sensory influences. Journal of Orofacial Pain 2003;17:191-213. | Article |
| 63 | 87 | Liu YH, Lowe AA, Fleetham JA, Park YC. Cephalometric and physiologic predictors of the efficacy of an adjustable oral appliance for treating obstructive sleep apnea. American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics 2001;120:639-47. | Review |
| 64 | 86 | Ogaard B, Larsson E, Henriksson T, Birkhed D, Bishara SE. Effects of combined application of antimicrobial and fluoride varnishes in orthodontic patients. American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics 2001;120:28-35. | Article |
| 65 | 85 | van der Bilt A. Assessment of mastication with implications for oral rehabilitation: a review. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 2011;38:754-80. | Article |
| 66 | 85 | Eliades T, Bourauel C. Intraoral aging of orthodontic materials: the picture we miss and its clinical relevance. American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics 2005;127:403-12. | Review |
| 67 | 85 | Thilander B, Odman J, Lekholm U. Orthodontic aspects of the use of oral implants in adolescents: a 10-year follow-up study. European Journal of Orthodontics 2001;23:715-31. | Article |
| 68 | 85 | Bussick TJ, McNamara JA. Dentaloalveolar and skeletal changes associated with the pendulum appliance. American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics 2000;117:333-43. | Article |
| 69 | 85 | Eliades T, Brantley WA. The inappropriateness of conventional orthodontic bond strength assessment protocols. European Journal of Orthodontics 2000;22:13-23. | Article |
| 70 | 85 | Ferrario VF, Sforza C, Colombo A, Ciusa V. An electromyographic investigation of masticatory muscles symmetry in normo-occlusion subjects. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 2000;27:33-40. | Article |
| 71 | 84 | Rios HF, Ma D, Xie Y, Giannobile WV, Bonewald LF, Conway SJ, et al. Periostin is essential for the integrity and function of the periodontal ligament during occlusal loading in mice. Journal of Periodontology 2008;79:1480-90. | Article |
| 72 | 84 | Toms SR, Eberhardt AW. A nonlinear finite element analysis of the periodontal ligament under orthodontic tooth loading. American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics 2003;123:657-65. | Article |
| 73 | 83 | Simmer JP, Papagerakis P, Smith CE, Fisher DC, Rountrey AN, Zheng L, et al. Regulation of dental enamel shape and hardness. Journal of Dental Research 2010;89:1024-38. | Article |
| 74 | 83 | Asscherickx K, Vannet BV, Wehrbein H, Sabzevar MM. Root repair after injury from mini-screw. Clinical Oral Implants Research 2005;16:575-8. | Review |
| 75 | 83 | Brezniak N, Wasserstein A. Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption. Part II: the clinical aspects. Angle Orthodontist 2002;72:180-4. | Article |
| 76 | 82 | Cevidanes LH, Bailey LT, Tucker SF, Styner MA, Mol A, Phillips CL, et al. Three-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography for assessment of mandibular changes after orthognathic surgery. American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics 2007;131:44-50. | Article |
| 77 | 82 | Chan E, Darendeliler MA. Physical properties of root cementum: Part 5. Volumetric analysis of root resorption craters after application of light and heavy orthodontic forces. American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics 2005;127:186-95. | Article |
| 78 | 82 | Cacciafesta V, Sfondrini MF, De Angelis M, Scribante A, Klersy C. Effect of water and saliva contamination on shear bond strength of brackets bonded with conventional, hydrophilic, and self-etching primers. American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics 2003;123:633-40. | Article |
| 79 | 81 | Sukontapatipark W, El-Agroudi MA, Selliseth NJ, Thunold K, Selvig KA. Bacterial colonization associated with fixed orthodontic appliances. A scanning electron microscopy study. European Journal of Orthodontics 2001;23:475-84. | Article |
| 80 | 81 | De Boever JA, Carlsson GE, Klineberg IJ. Need for occlusal therapy and prosthodontic treatment in the management of temporomandibular disorders. Part I. Occlusal interferences and occlusal adjustment. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 2000;27:367-79. | Article |
The total number of citations of all 80 classic articles was 9294, and the mean was 116.2. The most cited article received 274 citations, and the last on the list received 81.
Most of the 80 h-classics were published in 2001 (17, 21.3%), 2003 (13, 16.3%), and 2005 (12, 15.0%), whereas none was published in the last 3 years (2013-2015) ( Fig ).
Sixty articles were original research articles (75.0%), and 20 were reviews (25.0%). Two of the latter were systematic reviews ; no meta-analyses appeared.
The h-classics were published in 20 of the 89 dental journals of the 2015 InCites Journal Citation Reports list. Thirty-six articles (45.1%) appeared in orthodontic journals: 23 were published in the American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics (28.8%), 7 in The Angle Orthodontist (8.8%), and 6 in the European Journal of Orthodontics (7.5%) ( Table II ). The remaining 44 appeared in general dental journals.
| Journal | Records | % |
|---|---|---|
| American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics | 23 | 28.8 |
| Angle Orthodontist | 7 | 8.8 |
| Clinical Oral Implants Research | 6 | 7.5 |
| Dental Materials | 6 | 7.5 |
| European Journal of Orthodontics | 6 | 7.5 |
| Journal of Dental Research | 6 | 7.5 |
| Journal of Oral Rehabilitation | 6 | 7.5 |
| Critical Reviews in Oral Biology and Medicine | 3 | 3.8 |
| Journal of Periodontology | 3 | 3.8 |
| Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry | 3 | 3.8 |
| Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery | 2 | 2.5 |
| European Journal of Oral Sciences | 1 | 1.3 |
| International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery | 1 | 1.3 |
| International Journal of Periodontics and Restorative Dentistry | 1 | 1.3 |
| International Journal of Prosthodontics | 1 | 1.3 |
| Journal of Clinical Periodontology | 1 | 1.3 |
| Journal of Orofacial Pain | 1 | 1.3 |
| Journal of Periodontal Research | 1 | 1.3 |
| Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology Oral Radiology and Endodontology | 1 | 1.3 |
| Periodontology 2000 | 1 | 1.3 |
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