Maxillofacial injuries are relatively common in the world. They are complex, both the aesthetic factor is compromised as well, by the anatomical complexity of the areas involved.

Objective: To determine in a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study, etiologic aspects, frequency, location and treatment of patients with maxillofacial trauma at San Juan de Dios de la Serena’s Hospital, between 2004 and 2011 years.

Methodology: The population studied were patients with trauma maxillofacial. Data were collected from 343 patients. They were analyzed in Epi info software. Using the Z test for two proportions.

Results: The age range varied between 0 and 87 years and the mean of age was 27 years. Prevalence was higher in males, with a 3:1 ratio, statistically significant. The attacks are the principal etiologic factor, with percentage of 35%. The most affected damage structure was dentoalveolar area with percentage of 43.2%.

Conclusions: The greater proportion of maxillofacial trauma was observed within the first four decades of life and is more common in males. The most common maxillofacial fractures are the dentoalveolar area, followed by mandibular and zygomatic fractures, mandibular angle being the most affected area in mandible fractures 28.5%. The surgical treatment of choice is the open reduction and osteosynthesis with plates and screws, since not only help stabilize the fractured segments in an optimum way, but also reduce treatment time and possible complications.

Conflict of interest: None declared.