Section III: Evidence
Outcome Assessment and Evidence on the Clinical Performance of Orthodontic Aligners Spyridon N. Papageorgiou and Theodore Eliades Summary In the last decade several systematic reviews of clinical studies comparing orthodontic…
Managing Tooth Mobility
Abstract One of the most immediate dental concerns linked to periodontal disease is tooth mobility, and unlike pocket depth or attachment level, tooth mobility is easily understood by patients. But,…
Correcting Gingival Recession and Mucogingival Defects
Abstract While the discovery of deep pocketing seems to be the most common cause of alarm during periodontal exams, soft tissue deficiencies are often overlooked during routine exams. This is…
Controlling Gingival Inflammation
Abstract Generally, dental treatment begins with pain management, if needed, and progresses through acute disease control, definite treatment, and maintenance phases. The acute disease control phase consists of biopsy and…
Predicting Tooth Longevity
Abstract Data gathered during periodontal assessment also helps to answer questions about prognosis that are highly relevant to patients and practitioners: what is the likelihood of tooth loss without treatment?…
Treating Teeth with Furcation Involvement
Abstract Furcation involvement presents a special challenge to nonsurgical and surgical periodontal techniques, and the management of furcation involvement has to be approached from both periodontal and restorative perspectives. This…
Reducing Pockets
Abstract For patients with more significant periodontal disease, there typically are residual deep pockets remaining after nonsurgical periodontal treatment. While it is possible that repeat scaling and root planing and…
Identifying Periodontal Diseases
Abstract The next step after periodontal data gathering is periodontal diagnosis, which means identification of a patient’s ongoing periodontal disease(s) and attempting to understand what factors led to a patient’s…
Gathering Periodontal Data
Abstract The most important aspect of periodontal treatment is a thorough patient evaluation as without it, neither comprehensive diagnosis nor treatment planning is possible. Patient evaluation must investigate the systemic…
Background: Periodontal Disease Mechanisms and Wound Healing
Abstract Periodontal diseases are one of the most common diseases in adults. Signs of mild periodontal inflammation are usually present in adults, and 10 to 60% of middle-aged adults have…
Section II: Clinical Management
Early Treatment in Preteens and Teenagers Using Aligners Eugene K. Chan and M. Ali Darendeliler Summary Clear aligner therapy has always been reserved for adults and/or the esthetically conscious patient….
Section I: Introduction: Types and Material Properties
Aligner Treatment: An Overview 1 1 This chapter is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Lauren Teske, a colleague, mother, and friend. Lauren Teske†, T. Gerard Bradley, and Sarandeep S….
Zygomatic Implants Operative Consideration to Minimize Technical Errors, Complications, and Their Management
Key points • Fundamental knowledge of the maxillofacial anatomy and physiology are necessary to perform this advanced procedure. Proper training including the understanding of the prosthetic and surgical biomechanical principles…
Guided and Navigation Techniques for Zygomatic Implants
Key points • The application of surgical navigation in complex craniomaxillofacial procedures has become helpful in transferring the surgical plan to the patient and in avoiding pertinent anatomic injuries. •…
Restoration of Zygomatic Implants
Key points • Accurate initial data acquisition. • Establish virtual tooth position. • Virtual 3-dimensional diagnosis and planning. • Design and construction of monolithic polymethylmethacrylate conversion prosthesis. • Connection of…
The Zygoma Anatomy-Guided Approach for Placement of Zygomatic Implants
Key points • The essence of the ZAGA Concept is to provide the patient with a zygomatic anchored rehabilitation according to their specific anatomy. • ZAGA Concept includes the choice…
Zygomatic Implants in Avulsive and Ablative Defects
Key points • Maxillary ablative defects—the Brown classification is the system used most widely to describe maxillary defects; this system also is beneficial in guiding reconstructive techniques and options. •…
Quad Zygoma Protocol
Key points • Four well-distributed zygomatic implants (quad zygoma) is a first-line approach in severe maxillary atrophy or a rescue therapy after implant failure. • Adequate implant stability allows immediate…
Preoperative Evaluation and Treatment Planning. Zygomatic Implant Critical Zone (ZICZ) Location
Key points • A systematic preoperative evaluation is an essential basis to identify challenges, risks, and limitations to establish an accurate treatment plan. • The understanding of anatomic differences provides…
Zygomatic Implants in Combination with Dental Implants
Key points • Zygoma implants with or without traditional dental implants are a safe and predictable first line of treatment in lieu of more time-consuming and financially burdensome traditional bone…
