Pocket Dentistry

Perineural tumor spread (PNS) is a well-recognized entity in head and neck cancers and represents a mode of metastasis along nerves. The trigeminal and facial nerves are most affected by…

Proton therapy (PT) is a form of highly conformal external-beam radiotherapy used to mitigate acute and late effects following radiotherapy. Indications for treatment include both benign and malignant skull-base and…

There is a broad spectrum of pathology that occurs in the oral cavity. Knowledge of the different anatomic subsites and contents of each is important for accurate diagnosis and treatment….

Imaging plays a critical role in the diagnosis, staging, and management of segmental mandibular defects. Imaging allows mandibular defects to be classified which aids in microvascular free flap reconstruction. This…

Maxillofacial trauma is common. Computed tomography is the primary imaging tool for diagnosis. Study interpretation is aided by understanding regional anatomy and clinically relevant features of each subunit. Common injury…

The skull base (SB) is the osseous foundation of the cranial vault. It contains many openings that allow communication between the extracranial and intracranial structures. This communication is crucial in…

Head and neck and base of skull malignancies are challenging for surgical and radiotherapy treatment due to the density of sensitive tissues. Carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) is a form of…

Airway injury, Ocular injury and neurovascular tissue damage, burns is all a spectrum of pediatric soft tissue injury complex. Soft tissue injuries to the head and neck area in children…

Cranial vault and skull base fractures in children are distinctly different from those seen in adults. Pediatric skull fractures have the benefit of greater capacity to remodel; however, the developing…

The unique anatomy and physiology of the growing craniofacial skeleton predispose children to different fracture patterns as compared to adults. Diagnosis and treatment of pediatric orbital fractures can be challenging….

Pediatric panfacial trauma is a rare occurrence with poorly understood implications for the growing child. Treatment algorithms largely mirror adult panfacial protocols with notable exceptions including augmented healing and remodeling…

Pediatric nasal bone and septal fractures represent a large number of craniofacial injuries in children each year. Due to their differences in anatomy and potential for growth and development, the…

Pediatric facial fractures are uncommon, and fortunately, the majority can be managed with conservative measures. Rigid fixation of the pediatric facial skeleton can potentially be associated with delayed hardware issues…

Fractures of the pediatric midface are infrequent, particularly in children in the primary dentition, due to the prominence of the upper face relative to the midface and mandible. With downward…

Dental and dentoalveolar injuries are common in the pediatric population. Management is predicated on the type of tooth injured (primary or permanent), extent of injury, the dental and behavioral age…

The management of pediatric facial fractures requires several considerations by the treating surgeon. Pediatric facial fractures occur less commonly than in adults. Among fracture patterns in children, studies have repeatedly…

Anatomic differences of the primary dentition may hinder traditional methods of intermaxillary fixation. Furthermore, the presence of both the primary and permanent dentition can complicate establishing, and maintaining, the preinjury…

Pediatric Trauma results in over 8 million emergency department visits and 11,000 deaths annually. Unintentional injuries continue to be the leader in morbidity and mortality in pediatric and adolescent populations…

The discovery of inherited and somatic genetic mutations, along with advancements in clinical and scientific research, has improved the understanding of vascular anomalies and changed the treatment paradigm. With the…