1. A patient has had a full gold crown fitted on the lower left second molar tooth, but experiences discomfort in the tooth when closing the mouth fully. Which one of the following items is required to solve the problem?

2. The dentist is carrying out root canal therapy on the lower left first molar tooth. The root canals have been accessed and their contents are ready to be extirpated. Which one of the following instruments are you most likely to pass to the dentist?

3. A patient attends the surgery for a routine dental examination, and the dentist notices several abrasion cavities. Which one of the following is the most likely Black’s classification of these lesions?

4. Glass ionomer cements are a versatile and widely used dental material and have been available for many years. Which one of the following is the main advantage of this material over composites?

5. When permanent teeth in children are traumatised, death of the pulp is not an inevitable consequence and a pulpotomy procedure can be carried out. Which one of the following is the most likely reason for using calcium hydroxide in this procedure?

6. One of the best tooth-coloured restorative materials available to dentists for the restoration of teeth is composite. The material is available in a large range of shades, but they all contain which one of the following constituents?

7. When fixed restorations are to be constructed, the tooth is first prepared and an impression is taken. Which one of the following impression materials is least likely to be used for this procedure?

8. At the fit stage of denture construction, the patient will attend for final insertion of the completed dentures and be given advice on their care and wear. Which one of the following instruments is required at this stage?

9. The dentist is carrying out root canal therapy on the upper left second premolar tooth. All the caries has been removed and the dentist now needs to gain access to the root canal. Which one of the following instruments are you most likely to pass to the dentist?

10. A patient attends for the restoration of a Class II cavity in a lower molar tooth. Following caries removal and lining of the cavity, the dentist is most likely to require which one of the following items?

11. A slow-speed handpiece is used for several procedures in dentistry, including the fine removal of caries in deep cavities. Which of the following indicates the speed at which this handpiece operates?

12. Zinc oxide and eugenol cement is a versatile and widely used material in dentistry, with various different uses. Which one of the following situations is one where this material would not be used?

13. Various dental impression materials are available for use during the construction of partial acrylic dentures. Which one of the following materials cannot be used for this purpose?

14. A patient attends for an amalgam restoration of the lower left second premolar tooth. The dentist removes the caries from the cavity and informs you that there is a pinpoint pulp exposure. Which one of the following materials are you most likely to be asked to prepare?

15. The dentist is completing root canal therapy on the lower right lateral incisor tooth. You have mixed a suitable root filling material. Which one of the following instruments are you most likely to pass to the dentist so that the material can be inserted into the canal?

16. When using composite material to restore a cavity, an etching technique is used to chemically roughen the enamel surface and allow a good bond to form between the filling and the tooth. Which one of the following materials is used during this procedure?

17. A 5-year-old child presents for a routine dental check-up. On intra-oral examination the dentist suspects an interproximal cavity between the lower left deciduous molars. Which one of the following is the most suitable instrument to confirm this diagnosis?

18. After caries has been removed from a cavity and it has been correctly shaped to receive the restoration, the dentist often places a lining material over the floor of the cavity. Which one of the following describes the additional advantage that calcium hydroxide used in this way has over other linings?

19. Zinc phosphate cement has various uses in dentistry, and is produced by the careful mixing of zinc oxide powder with liquid phosphoric acid. Which one of the following is most likely to cause the material to set slowly?

20. Amalgam is a commonly used dental material for the restoration of cavities, in posterior teeth particularly. What is the main constituent of the alloy powder?

21. When a tooth has been traumatised or attacked by cariogenic bacteria, it often results in the condition of irreversible pulpitis if left untreated. Which one of the following treatments is appropriate to save the tooth when this condition occurs?

22. The majority of composite materials in use nowadays require exposure to a curing light to set fully. Which one of the following indicates the depth of material that the curing light can penetrate?

23. When placing a plastic restoration, the dentist often uses a matrix system to prevent the creation of an overhang on the resultant filling. Which one of the following is most likely to require a Siqveland matrix outfit?

24. A patient returns to the surgery following placement of a restoration in the upper right first premolar. He is complaining of thermal sensitivity in the tooth, and the dentist decides to remove the restoration and place a temporary dressing. Which one of the following materials are you most likely to be asked to prepare?

25. During the restoration of a particularly deep cavity in the upper left first premolar tooth, the dentist must carefully remove the caries overlying the pulp chamber, without causing an exposure. Which one of the following instruments is used to achieve this?

26. During restorative procedures, it is very important to maintain good moisture control. This can be achieved successfully using a variety of methods. Which one of the following methods is least likely to be used during caries removal in a tooth cavity?

27. An air turbine handpiece is used for many procedures in dentistry. It uses friction grip diamond or tungsten carbide burs to quickly remove tooth tissue during preparation procedures. What speed does the air turbine operate at?

28. During root canal therapy, the dentist will use various specialised endodontic instruments to carry out each stage of the treatment. Which one of the following instruments is used to remove contaminated dentine from the root canal?

29. Several materials are available to the dentist for use as temporary or permanent restorations. Other materials can be used as luting cements. Which one of the following cannot be used as a luting cement?

30. A patient attends the surgery for the preparation of the lower right first molar tooth for a full gold crown. Once the tooth has been anaesthetised, which one of the following burs is the dentist most likely to use for tooth preparation?

31. The majority of amalgam preparations for filling cavities are presented as preloaded capsules, which are mixed in an amalgamator. Which one of the following actions results in contraction of the mixed amalgam, allowing caries to recur?

32. Adequate retention of a full upper acrylic denture in a patient’s mouth depends on the presence of a saliva film between the denture and the palate. Which one of the following structures on the denture allows the film to develop here?

33. Several restorative materials are commonly used to restore teeth, some of which are tooth coloured to give improved aesthetics. Which one of the following materials has cariostatic properties?

34. A patient returns to the surgery complaining of a rough edge to a recently provided composite restoration in the upper left central incisor. Once the dentist has located the rough margin, which one of the following instruments will be required?

35. During root canal therapy, the dentist will use various specialised endodontic instruments to carry out each stage of the treatment. Which one of the following instruments is used to condense the filling material into the canal?

36. Zinc phosphate cement has various uses in dentistry, and is produced by mixing zinc oxide powder with liquid phosphoric acid. Which one of the following situations is one where this material would not be used?

37. Glass ionomer cement is a widely used material in dentistry. Which one of the following situations is one where this material would not be used?

38. A patient attends for restoration of an upper right second molar tooth. Following caries removal, lining placement and insertion of the filling material, which one of the following instruments is used to fully adapt the material to the cavity?

39. Calcium hydroxide cement is a widely used dental material. It can be presented as a chemical setting paste system or as a single paste light cure preparation. Which one of the following situations is one where this material would not be used?

40. Once the root canal has been cleaned of all contaminated contents during root canal therapy, it is often temporarily filled with an antiseptic dressing. Which one of the following materials is included in this dressing?

41. Several dental materials used for restoration are adhesive to enamel or dentine, but others are not. Which one of the following materials requires the presence of undercuts for it to remain in place?

42. An inlay is a restoration produced in the laboratory to restore a cavity in a tooth, unlike a filling which is produced at the chair side. Which one of the following indicates the difference between the preparation of a tooth for filling and the preparation of a tooth for an inlay?

43. Amalgam is possibly the most widely used permanent filling material for posterior teeth. Its alloy constituents can be varied to produce a mix that is less likely to discolour with time in saliva. Higher levels of which one of the following materials are most likely to produce resistance to discoloration?

44. Glass ionomer cements have many applications, including the addition of metal powder to enable their use as a core build-up material. Which one of the following is the dental term for these enhanced products?

45. When permanent teeth in children are traumatised, it often occurs before closure of the apical foramen and an open apex root filling should be performed. Which one of the following is the most likely reason for using calcium hydroxide in this procedure?

46. A patient attends for a Class II restoration in the upper right second molar tooth. Following caries removal and lining of the cavity, which one of the following instruments is used to place the filling material?

47. Before taking an impression of a tooth which has been prepared for a crown, the dentist ensures that the preparation margins are clearly visible. Which one of the following instruments is used for this purpose?

48. After caries has been removed from a cavity and it has been correctly shaped to receive the restoration, the dentist often places a lining material over the floor of the cavity. Which one of the following descri/>