4 Investigations: Microbiology
Figure 4.1a Unstained Candida albicans.
Figure 4.1b Candida hyphae PAS staining.
Figure 4.1c Candidosis (silver stain).
Figure 4.1e Histoplasmosis silver impregnation.
Figure 4.1f CMV immunohistochemistry.
Table 4.1 Common microbiological stains.
| Stain | Main components | Main uses |
| Acid fast (Ziehl-Neelsen and Kinyoun stains) | Carbol fuchsin and methylene blue | Differentiates bacteria with waxy cell walls, e.g. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium leprae, and Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex from those that do not |
| Gomori methenamine silver (GMS) | Silver | Stains carbohydrates in fungi |
| Gram | Crystal violet, Gram’s iodine and safranin | Stains Gram-positive bacteria (e.g. Staphylococci), and Gram-negative bacteria/> |
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